A dominant theme in cognitive psychology is that prior knowledge in long-term memory has a strong influence on an individual's cognitive processing. Citing numerous memory studies with children, knowledge base effects are presented as part of a broader picture of memory development. Using the sort/recall procedure (asking subjects to group sets of…

This study investigated the contributions of the professional qualification of biology teachers, laboratory facilities, and biology textbooks to the teaching of biology in 10 government and 10 harambee schools in Kenya. Biology is currently a compulsory subject in all secondary schools in this country. Data were obtained from questionnaires…

Student teacher supervisors were surveyed to obtain their ratings of graduates from the College of Education at Ohio State University. Three sample years (l978-79, 1980-81, 1981-82) were chosen. The questionnaire dealt with: (1) whether or not the graduate was still being supervised by the individual completing the questionnaire; (2) how long the…

Student variables which influence attainment of ecological concepts and conceptual systems were investigated. Researcher-designed paper/pencil and free-sort categorization tests were administered to 256 Science Curriculum Improvement Study (SCIS) students in grades 4-6. Findings are: (1) grade and ability, not sex, influenced concept attainment…

Science Curriculum Improvement Study (SCIS) students in grades 4-6 were used to investigate ecological concept formation. Researcher-designed, multiple-choice and free-sort tasks were administered. Statistics utilized included analysis of variance, Spearman correlation, multiple regression, frequency distributions, and latent partition analysis.…

A total of 694 1976-1980 graduates of Bowling Green State University (Ohio) teaching in rural, urban, and suburban settings, representing elementary, secondary, specialized and special education fields, and having from one to five years of teaching experience comprised the sample for this study. Responses of these teachers to a 19-item…

First-year higher education students' approaches to learning navigation were assessed. The research used a structured questionnaire to assess deep, surface, and strategic approaches to learning. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) of 13 sub-scales revealed that students learning navigation employed two main approaches, a deep-strategic approach…

A one credit course, Field Experience in the Health Services, allowed Hunter College the opportunity to work in one or more of 63 participating community agencies, to the mutual benefit of both students and agencies. (SA)

This experiment involved training students in self-instruction (specifically, teaching them to verbally cue and instruct themselves through given assignments), as an alternative to the direct intervention method for increasing on-task behavior and decreasing disruptive behavior in the elementary school classroom. Assignment completion rather than…

Designed for integration into existing school curriculum, this is the first in a series of five career education curriculum kits for teachers of grades 4-8. Each kit pertains to one of five specified career education program goals. The goal for this curriculum kit is, "The student will identify and develop attitudes about the world of work." For…

Utilizing data compiled from records of 33 students who had completed Algebra I in 1974 and 1976, the study examined the California Algebra Aptitude Test (CAAT) and other possible predictors of success for freshmen students entering Algebra I in a small rural high school. The CAAT and the Iowa Test of Basic Skills (ITBS) were taken by these…

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of teacher expectancy on student performance. The question is asked: Do teachers in secondary grades treat students for whom they have low expectations in ways that tend to fulfill them, and if so, what is the nature of this differential treatment? Differential teacher behavior (quantitative and…

This booklet is an annotated bibliography of recent work about the reading performance of Black-English-speaking children. The first half of the book lists materials according to the factors that influence the reading performance of black children: dialect interference, intellectual ability, environment, perceptual deficiencies, self-concept,…

Three empirical studies were conducted to investigate the hypothesis that the "easy to see" construction (such as in the sentence "children are hard to understand") is acquired at a younger age than the 7-9 year range reported by previous studies (Cambon and Sinclair, 1974; Chomsky, 1969; 1972; Cromer, 1970; Kessel, 1970).…

This study investigates selectivity in teacher education. Using perspectives afforded by institutional admissions practices, teacher effectiveness research, and selected public school influences, the study explored both current policies and procedures in the selection of preservice students and the usefulness of a number of biographical,…