Distinguishes between the collaborative learning process and a collaborative learning group. Lists conditions basic to the development of effective collaborative learning groups through training programs: (1) knowledgeable trainer, (2) participant commitment, (3) open communication, and (4) appropriate normative controls. (JOW)

This research review investigates the influence of gender on the perception of the leader, interaction with followers, and situation dynamics. Research in this area is necessary to the development of a conceptual framework to give direction and meaning to the further investigation of women in leadership. (CJ)

Dimensions of group self-disclosure, intimacy and immediacy, were examined in two experiments using college student (N=273) subjects who viewed four videotapes of group interactions. Groups in which members made more disclosures about intimate topics were percieved as more cohesive. Higher immediacy, however, was not associated with increased…

Presents a conceptual model for administrative promotion of school effectiveness by identifying activities, processes, and functions necessary for successful instructional leadership. (JW)

Nine learning activities can prepare elementary school social studies students for group work. The activities teach students how to organize a group, recognize the value of all contributions, and how to take responsibility to contribute, respond to other contributions, listen carefully, encourage contributions, and form a group decision. (KC)

Studied individuals important to jury decision-making processes, i.e., those who change their minds. Results showed no consistent differences in race, sex, or age for changers and nonchangers and authoritarians changed attitudes about defendent's guilt more than equalitarians. (PAS)

Conflict, a common managerial problem, offers opportunities for creative and positive actions. "Win-win" conflict resolution, which occurs chiefly through compromise, contribution, and synthesis tactics, requires trust, commitment, communication, and dialog. It can be encouraged by generating positive feelings, redirecting negative…

Observational data collected on 50 severely/profoundly retarded adolescents revealed that subjects received almost no individual staff member attention; that subjects interacted or were in close proximity with other subjects approximately 54 percent of the time; and that the group size or composition has less relationship to the subjects' behavior…

This article describes the stages and processes in the growth of a self-development group, designed to increase a manager's capacity and willingness to be responsible for his/her own learning. Availability: M.E.A.D. Subscriptions, C.S.M.L., University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YX, England. (SK)

Poses several questions concerning self-disclosure in group counseling and draws on research findings and clinical experience to provide tentative answers and guidelines for group leaders. (Author)

Presents an historical survey of various theoretical schools in social psychology in the United States and divides them into two classes: the social psychology of the individual and that of the relation or group. Asserts that those theories which emphasize the individual are inadequate to explain social behavior. (Author/APM)

This article briefly discusses some important elements of group effectiveness, then outlines characteristics of groupthink, provides examples of situations in which it occurs, and recommends actions in each case for preventing or lessening it. (Author/CT)

An experiment with mixed and same sex groups provided evidence that perceived motivation towards the group determines members' attained influence and status in task-oriented groups. While group-oriented members are generally more influential than self-oriented ones, the degree of motivation's effect depends on the member's external status…

Describes a model developed to plan initial strategies based on origin of goals within four leadership situations, i.e.: (1) external to leader and external to group; (2) external to leader and internal to group; (3) internal to leader and external to group; and (4) internal to both. (Author/RC)

Conflict intervention employs an outside party to influence the outcome of a conflict by applying negotiation, conciliation, mediation, and arbitration. Originally used in labor-management disputes, these techniques have been applied in family and neighborhood disputes, in provider-consumer disputes, and in environmental and international…