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Maus, Barbel; van Breukelen, Gerard J. P.; Goebel, Rainer; Berger, Martijn P. F. – Psychometrika, 2010
Blocked designs in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are useful to localize functional brain areas. A blocked design consists of different blocks of trials of the same stimulus type and is characterized by three factors: the length of blocks, i.e., number of trials per blocks, the ordering of task and rest blocks, and the time between…
Descriptors: Structural Equation Models, Diagnostic Tests, Visual Aids, Brain
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Gilmartin, Marieke R.; Helmstetter, Fred J. – Learning & Memory, 2010
The contribution of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to the formation of memory is a subject of considerable recent interest. Notably, the mechanisms supporting memory acquisition in this structure are poorly understood. The mPFC has been implicated in the acquisition of trace fear conditioning, a task that requires the association of a…
Descriptors: Animals, Conditioning, Memory, Brain
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Leon, Wanda C.; Bruno, Martin A.; Allard, Simon; Nader, Karim; Cuello, A. Claudio – Learning & Memory, 2010
The standard model of system consolidation proposes that memories are initially hippocampus dependent and become hippocampus independent over time. Previous studies have demonstrated the involvement of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in the retrieval of remote memories. The transformations required to make a memory undergo system's…
Descriptors: Brain, Recall (Psychology), Memory, Animals
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Ryan, Charles W.; Tomlin, James H. – Journal of Employment Counseling, 2010
This study examined the role of career counselors in infusing systems thinking into occupational advising. The authors conducted a qualitative review and analysis of selected literature on systems thinking and analyzed trends for adaptation to career counseling practice. This analysis suggests that career counselors need to infuse systems…
Descriptors: Counselors, Career Counseling, Systems Approach, Role
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Crombag, Hans S.; Johnson, Alexander W.; Zimmer, Anne M.; Zimmer, Andreas; Holland, Peter C. – Learning & Memory, 2010
Cannabinoid CB1 receptor is abundantly expressed throughout the CNS and is implicated in numerous physiological and behavioral functions, including appetite and feeding. In the present study, wild-type and CB1 heterozygous and homozygous knockout mice were tested on an instrumental outcome-selective devaluation task to assess changes in acquired…
Descriptors: Animal Behavior, Animals, Brain, Evaluation Methods
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Park, Junchol; Choi, June-Seek – Learning & Memory, 2010
Plasticity in two input pathways into the lateral nucleus of the amygdala (LA), the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the sensory thalamus, have been suggested to underlie extinction, suppression of a previously acquired conditioned response (CR) following repeated presentations of the conditioned stimulus (CS). However, little is known about…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Stimulation, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Fear
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Laurent, Vincent; Westbrook, R. Frederick – Learning & Memory, 2010
Four experiments used rats to study the role of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) in the reinstatement and extinction of fear responses (freezing) to a previously extinguished conditioned stimulus (CS). In Experiment 1, BLA inactivation before pairing the extinguished CS with the shock unconditioned stimulus (US) or before US-alone exposure impaired…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Inhibition, Fear
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McArthur, Genevieve; Castles, Anne – Journal of Research in Reading, 2013
The aim of this study was to determine if phonological processing deficits in specific reading disability (SRD) and specific language impairment (SLI) are the same or different. In four separate analyses, a different combination of reading and spoken language measures was used to divide 73 children into three subgroups: poor readers with average…
Descriptors: Phonology, Language Impairments, Language Processing, Reading Difficulties
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Odhiambo, George O. – Research in Comparative and International Education, 2013
The flight of human capital is a phenomenon that has been of concern to academics and development practitioners for decades. Unfortunately, there is no systematic record of the number of skilled professionals that many African countries have continued to lose to the developed world. Termed the "brain drain", it represents the loss of…
Descriptors: Brain Drain, Higher Education, Foreign Countries, Human Capital
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Doehnert, Mirko; Brandeis, Daniel; Schneider, Gudrun; Drechsler, Renate; Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: This longitudinal electrophysiological study investigated the course of multiple impaired cognitive brain functions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from childhood to adulthood by comparing developmental trajectories of individuals with ADHD and typically developing controls. Methods: Subjects with ADHD ("N"…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Physiology, Genetics, Longitudinal Studies
Bond, Kristi – ProQuest LLC, 2013
This study used ERP (event-related potentials) to examine both the role of the L1 and the role of individual differences in the processing of agreement violations. Theories of L2 acquisition differ with regard to whether or not native-like acquisition of L2 features is possible (Schwartz and Sprouse, 1994, 1996; Tsimpli and Mastropavlou, 2007),…
Descriptors: Native Language, Second Language Learning, English, Spanish
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Andersen, Per N.; Egeland, Jens; Øie, Merete – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2013
There are relatively few studies on learning and delayed memory with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The objective of the present study was to examine acquisition, free delayed memory, and recognition skills in medication naive children and adolescents aged 8-16 years with ADHD combined subtype (36 participants) and inattentive…
Descriptors: Learning Problems, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Memory, Neurological Impairments
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McKee, Ann C.; Stein, Thor D.; Nowinski, Christopher J.; Stern, Robert A.; Daneshvar, Daniel H.; Alvarez, Victor E.; Lee, Hyo-Soon; Hall, Garth; Wojtowicz, Sydney M.; Baugh, Christine M.; Riley, David O.; Kubilus, Caroline A.; Cormier, Kerry A.; Jacobs, Matthew A.; Martin, Brett R.; Abraham, Carmela R.; Ikezu, Tsuneya; Reichard, Robert Ross; Wolozin, Benjamin L.; Budson, Andrew E.; Goldstein, Lee E.; Kowall, Neil W.; Cantu, Robert C. – Brain, 2013
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is a progressive tauopathy that occurs as a consequence of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. We analysed post-mortem brains obtained from a cohort of 85 subjects with histories of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury and found evidence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in 68 subjects: all males, ranging…
Descriptors: Neurological Impairments, Head Injuries, Chronic Illness, Brain
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Fathima, M. Parimala; Sasikumar, N.; Roja, M. Panimalar – Journal on Educational Psychology, 2012
Learning is the acquisition and storage of information as a consequence of experience. The human brain is designed in such a way that thousands bits of sensory data are processed each minute. The brain pays attention to what is relevant to daily life, always asking: "What's going on?" and "How is it important relevant to me?"…
Descriptors: Memory, Learning Processes, Neurosciences, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Ammari, Elham H. – Indian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2012
Catalyzed academic concerns have been shown so far to tackle the issue of temporal lobe epileptic hypergraphia and the extent of its creativity. Temporal lobe epilepsy hence, (TLE) as a neurological brain disorder, has captured the attention of concerned scholars ever since. A constellation of TLE and its cohorts have baffled scientists,…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Epilepsy, Writing Processes, Creative Writing
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