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Ziegler, Johannes C.; Pech-Georgel, Catherine; George, Florence; Foxton, Jessica M. – Brain and Language, 2012
This study investigated global versus local pitch pattern perception in children with dyslexia aged between 8 and 11 years. Children listened to two consecutive 4-tone pitch sequences while performing a same/different task. On the different trials, sequences either preserved the contour (local condition) or they violated the contour (global…
Descriptors: Phonology, Dyslexia, Short Term Memory, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Amorapanth, Prin; Kranjec, Alexander; Bromberger, Bianca; Lehet, Matthew; Widick, Page; Woods, Adam J.; Kimberg, Daniel Y.; Chatterjee, Anjan – Brain and Language, 2012
Schemas are abstract nonverbal representations that parsimoniously depict spatial relations. Despite their ubiquitous use in maps and diagrams, little is known about their neural instantiation. We sought to determine the extent to which schematic representations are neurally distinguished from language on the one hand, and from rich perceptual…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Patients, Schemata (Cognition), Spatial Ability
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Zekveld, Adriana A.; Rudner, Mary; Johnsrude, Ingrid S.; Heslenfeld, Dirk J.; Ronnberg, Jerker – Brain and Language, 2012
Text cues facilitate the perception of spoken sentences to which they are semantically related (Zekveld, Rudner, et al., 2011). In this study, semantically related and unrelated cues preceding sentences evoked more activation in middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) than nonword cues, regardless of acoustic quality (speech…
Descriptors: Evidence, Sentences, Cues, Cued Speech
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Atzil, Shir; Hendler, Talma; Zagoory-Sharon, Orna; Winetraub, Yonatan; Feldman, Ruth – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2012
Objective: Research on the neurobiology of parenting has defined "biobehavioral synchrony," the coordination of biological and behavioral responses between parent and child, as a central process underpinning mammalian bond formation. Bi-parental rearing, typically observed in monogamous species, is similarly thought to draw on mechanisms of…
Descriptors: Video Technology, Cues, Mothers, Child Rearing
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Savill, Nicola J.; Thierry, Guillaume – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Whilst there is general consensus that phonological processing is deficient in developmental dyslexia, recent research also implicates visuo-attentional contributions. Capitalising on the P3a wave of event-related potentials as an index of attentional capture, we tested dyslexic and normal readers on a novel variant of a visual oddball task to…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Dyslexia, Decoding (Reading), Phonology
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Bachman, Peter; Niendam, Tara A.; Jalbrzikowkski, Maria; Park, Chan Y.; Daley, Melita; Cannon, Tyrone D.; Bearden, Carrie E. – Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2012
Onset of psychosis may be associated with abnormal adolescent neurodevelopment. Here we examined the neurocognitive profile of first-episode, adolescent onset psychosis (AOP) as compared to typically developing adolescents, and asked whether neurocognitive performance varied differentially as a function of age in the cases compared with controls.…
Descriptors: Psychosis, Patients, Adolescents, Cognitive Development
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Rance, Gary; Ryan, Monique M.; Bayliss, Kristen; Gill, Kathryn; O'Sullivan, Caitlin; Whitechurch, Marny – Brain, 2012
The peripheral manifestations of the inherited neuropathies are increasingly well characterized, but their effects upon cranial nerve function are not well understood. Hearing loss is recognized in a minority of children with this condition, but has not previously been systemically studied. A clear understanding of the prevalence and degree of…
Descriptors: Evidence, Cues, Physical Examinations, Hearing Impairments
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Newman, Daniel P.; O'Connell, Redmond G.; Nathan, Pradeep J.; Bellgrove, Mark A. – Neuropsychologia, 2012
A number of recent studies suggest that DNA variation in the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) influences spatial attention asymmetry in clinical populations such as ADHD, but confirmation in non-clinical samples is required. Since non-spatial factors such as attentional load have been shown to influence spatial biases in clinical conditions, here…
Descriptors: Evidence, Genetics, Attention Deficit Disorders, Spatial Ability
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Moore, David R. – Journal of Communication Disorders, 2012
The brain mechanisms of hearing include large regions of the anterior temporal, prefrontal, and inferior parietal cortex, and an extensive network of descending connections between the cortex and sub-cortical components of what is presently known as the auditory system. One important function of these additional ("top-down") mechanisms for hearing…
Descriptors: Learning Problems, Auditory Perception, Brain, Hearing (Physiology)
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Martinos, Marina M.; Yoong, Michael; Patil, Shekhar; Chin, Richard F. M.; Neville, Brian G.; Scott, Rod C.; de Haan, Michelle – Brain, 2012
Children with a history of a prolonged febrile seizure show signs of acute hippocampal injury on magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, animal studies have shown that adult rats who suffered febrile seizures during development reveal memory impairments. Together, these lines of evidence suggest that memory impairments related to hippocampal…
Descriptors: Verbal Ability, Injuries, Evidence, Tests
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Foltz, Robert – Reclaiming Children and Youth, 2012
One would like to believe that advances in science have resulted in improved outcomes for troubled youth. Trends in treatment have changed dramatically in two decades. Technology to understand the brain and its functions are highly advanced. But the United States is now medicating youth more than any other country. There is growing concern about…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Drug Therapy, Parent Child Relationship, Behavior Modification
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McMakin, Dana L.; Olino, Thomas M.; Porta, Giovanna; Dietz, Laura J.; Emslie, Graham; Clarke, Gregory; Wagner, Karen Dineen; Asarnow, Joan R.; Ryan, Neal D.; Birmaher, Boris; Shamseddeen, Wael; Mayes, Taryn; Kennard, Betsy; Spirito, Anthony; Keller, Martin; Lynch, Frances L.; Dickerson, John F.; Brent, David A. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2012
Objective: To identify symptom dimensions of depression that predict recovery among selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment-resistant adolescents undergoing second-step treatment. Method: The Treatment of Resistant Depression in Adolescents (TORDIA) trial included 334 SSRI treatment-resistant youth randomized to a medication…
Descriptors: Outcomes of Treatment, Rating Scales, Adolescents, Depression (Psychology)
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Papeo, Liuba; Hochmann, Jean-Remy – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Sensorimotor representations in the brain encode the sensory and motor aspects of one's own bodily activity. It is highly debated whether sensorimotor representations are the core basis for the representation of action-related knowledge and, in particular, action words, such as verbs. In this review, we will address this question by bringing to…
Descriptors: Verbs, Language Impairments, Infants, Social Cognition
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Corrigan, Neva M.; Shaw, Dennis. W. W.; Richards, Todd L.; Estes, Annette M.; Friedman, Seth D.; Petropoulos, Helen; Artru, Alan A.; Dager, Stephen R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
Brain mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed as an etiologic factor in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ([superscript 1]HMRS) and MRI were used to assess for evidence of brain mitochondrial dysfunction in longitudinal samples of children with ASD or developmental delay (DD), and cross-sectionally…
Descriptors: Evidence, Autism, Etiology, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Saleh, Salmiza – Educational Studies, 2012
Teachers of science-based education in Malaysian secondary schools, especially those in the field of physics, often find their students facing huge difficulties in dealing with conceptual ideas in physics, resulting thus in a lack of interest towards the subject. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the Brain-Based Teaching…
Descriptors: Science Instruction, Physics, Learning Motivation, Foreign Countries
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