The influence of personal control on reactions to shock differed as a function of the type of control and of the combination of control conditions. Behavioral control in the presence of information (cognitive control) reduced stress, whereas behavioral control in the absence of information augmented stress. (Author)

Reviews the alternative forms of Fritz Perls' Gestalt Prayer, which was highly influential in the 1970s when individuality and personal rights were being explored. The prayer is subject to interpretation. Counselors should clarify for clients that ongoing relationships require a great deal of work. (JAC)

Explored speaking-order and talking-time structures in dyads and triads to determine if these modes of paralanguage were hierarchial and used consistently in various settings. Findings indicated that paralanguage hierarchies emerged and that speaking-order and talking-time ranks correlated between groups. (Author)

The way to combat stress is to look at it positively, according to the author. She discusses ego damagers, dealing with constructive and destructive stress, and how to control stress. (MF)

The importance of training the child to function within the broad confines of an externally-defined reality and to realize his/her freedom of choice and personal responsibility is discussed. (RW)

The results of the introduction of politics into education can be a new kind of leadership that pursues educational goals through the acceptable, honorable, democratic processes of this country. (Author/IRT)

Reviews literature on working single parents' job choices and dual-role management. Finds majority of research focused on single parent dysfunctions and distress rather than success at self-support. Cites findings that agentic behaviors, exhibited more by single parents, positively correlated with measures of well-being and role performance.…

Tested conceptual model of context, processes, and outcomes of joint marital decision making of married couples (N=188) which specified spouses' process variables as individual-level measures and partners' consensus as a couple construct. Found context factor of spouses' emotional interdependence influenced both partners' coerciveness and degree…

Gallaudet University's newly appointed president who deferred to student demands for a deaf executive views that moment in history as unique and revolutionary, marking the students' emerging need to be recognized as able and powerful, while regretting the damage done to academic freedom and integrity. (MSE)

Administered Value History Questionnaire to 170 teenagers and 170 adults to determine their wishes for future care. Results indicated that respondents definitely wanted to know truth about their health care and wanted to participate in decision making, even while dying. Majority did not want to be maintained indefinitely on life-support systems.…

Analysis of research on voluntary associations and social movements and a large-scale study of adult basic education suggest that personal influence is often an important component of an adult's decision to participate in formal education and may play a critical role in retention and instruction. (SK)

Assessed impact of relocation on health and well-being of 196 nursing home residents who relocated to new facility. Relocated residents participated in program to enhance sense of control and predictability over move. Analyses of medical records, nurses' ratings, and interviews strongly suggest that move had no negative effect on residents as…

Describes political and social action group of cognitively intact nursing home residents, organized in response to residents' desire to work on social issues and coordinated by recreational therapist who expected participation to maximize residents' autonomy and sense of control. Benefits mentioned by participants included opportunity to…

Developed Personal Independence Profile (PIP) as an instrument to measure aspects of independence beyond physical and cognitive functioning in people with diverse disabilities. PIP was tested for reliability and validity with 185 subjects from 10 independent living centers. Findings suggest that the Personal Independence Profile measures the…