Beginning counselors are rarely able to avoid anxiety during early counseling sessions. The fears involved in demonstrating counseling arise from: (1) irrational beliefs concerning "the perfect response;" (2) academic coursework which seems to equate psychological illness with poor counseling skills; (3) uncertainty about necessary skills; and (4)…

Family stress theory as a framework for family policy and family impact analysis is compatible with, and a logical development within, a broader ecological context of immediate and wider social environments. The central assumption of the family stress framework is that families have the capacity to organize a variety of supports--economic, social,…

To test the effects of altering situational variables in stressful examinations on high test anxious and low test anxious undergraduates, mid-terms and final examinations were administered in two environmental settings: large lecture halls and small language laboratories. Mean test scores for high test anxious students in the language labs were…

This second of three reports on a study of returning students attending Toronto Secondary Schools during the 1977-78 academic year describes the attitudes of principals, vice-principals, guidance counselors, teachers, and regular students toward returning students on the following issues: (1) the best educational setting for returnees; (2) the…

The effect on anxiety of a behaviorally-oriented treatment, Anxiety Management Training (AMT), was investigated with a sample of college students (N=23). The treatment was based upon the techniques originally used by Richardson, Suinn, and Meichenbaum, and consisted of three principal elements: relaxation training, cognitive-restructuring, and…

A description is given of a model designed to assess teachers' concerns and personal doubts as they participate in programs to implement educational innovations. The model is intended to be used diagnostically in order that those responsible for inservice programs can provide appropriate support for individual teachers engaged in a change effort.…

A COMPARISON IS MADE BETWEEN THE TEACHING MACHINE AND HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL TEXT FORMATS. A TEACHING MACHINE PRESENTS AN ORDERED SEQUENCE OF INSTRUCTION TO THE LEARNER, ONE FRAME AT A TIME. AFTER RESPONDING TO A STIMULUS FRAME, THE LEARNER'S ANSWER IS IMMEDIATELY CONFIRMED OR CORRECTED. THE LEARNER PROCEEDS TO THE NEXT FRAME AND IS PREVENTED…

FURTHER EXAMINATION WAS MADE OF AN EARLIER RESEARCH FINDING WHICH SHOWED, CONTRARY TO "LOGICAL" ANALYSIS, THAT VERBAL REPRESENTATIONS EVOKE MORE SENSORY RESPONSES THAN DO BLACK AND WHITE LINE DRAWING REPRESENTATIONS OF THE SAME STIMULI. THIS RESEARCH FINDING HAD BEEN CONFIRMED BY TWO EARLIER STUDIES WHOSE SUBJECTS WERE ALL WHITE STUDENTS…

To investigate the effect of time restraints on the diagnostic test scores of Native American students entering Bureau of Indian Affairs schools, two groups of students at Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Institute (SIPI) in Albuquerque, New Mexico, were given the Stanford Diagnostic Reading Test, (Blue Level), 1977 edition. The test scores…

A questionnaire was administered to samples of staff from 22 desegregated middle schools in Detroit, Michigan, to evaluate the impact of desegregation on staff attitudes. The questions focused on a number of areas including desegregation and busing, student achievement, student-staff relations, student racial relations, and staff relations and…

This monograph describes a year-long, retraining program for East Cleveland kindergarten teachers that was based on teacher involvement in group discussions and curriculum improvement activities. The program was developed in order to provide, with no additional funds, an education to inner-city children that compared favorably with the education…

Focusing on self awareness (emotional), this unit entitled "Inside Me" is one of four kindergarten units which are part of a total set of twenty-seven career development curriculum units for grades K-6. This unit is organized into four sections. Section 1 identifies one career development-centered curriculum (CDCC) element (realistic…

Focusing on self awareness (the emotional self), this unit entitled "My Feelings Are Me" is one of four grade 5 units which are part of a total set of twenty-seven career development curriculum units for grades K-6. This unit is organized into four sections. Section 1 identifies two career development-centered curriculum (CDCC) elements…

The personal space of strangers who are not attempting to influence each other has been extensively studied using single dependent measures. Multivariate personal space can be defined by three dimensions: relational, locational and interactional, and operationalized by the measures previously used singly. The present experiment tested the relation…

This paper reviews current literature pertaining to the effects of divorce on children and makes suggestions regarding general ways in which parents and other adults may assist children in coping with divorce. The population of children towards which this study is directed includes preschool through latency age children. All inferences made in…