Function of attention in infants is explored. Assuming (1) that infants respond differently to novel situations than to familiar ones; (2) that the infant's pattern of response is a partial reflection of the process of acquiring a perceptual memory of the stimulus, and (3) that sex differences may occur in the rate of habituation, 120 infants…

This study was designed to measure adult performance as related to age. Using methodology derived from information theory, information processing ability was measured with the individuals performing as a communication system. Fifty-five school teachers, ranging in age from 20 to 66, served as subjects. In four groups, the subjects judged the sizes…

THE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN OF THIS PROJECT WAS DEVELOPED TO TEST THE INFLUENCE OF INCENTIVE VALUES IN TWO-CHOICE, SIMULTANEOUS DISCRIMINATION LEARNING WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF AN ATTENTION THEORY (ZEAMAN AND HOUSE, 1963). FOLLOWING A 40-TRIAL TRAINING PROCEDURE IN WHICH HIGH AND LOW INCENTIVE VALUES WERE USED TO INFLUENCE STIMULUS DIMENSION…

The effects of providing immediate knowledge of results (KR) and adaptive testing on test anxiety and test-taking motivation were investigated. Also studied was the accuracy of student perceptions of the difficulty of adaptive and conventional tests administered with or without immediate knowledge of results. Testees were 350 college students…

This paper describes an investigation of procedures by which teachers can elicit objectives from students. A programmed course was written to develop competencies related to behavioral goal-setting. Four open-school teachers from each grade-cluster (1-4, 5-8, 9-12) were randomly assigned to two groups. Each teacher interviewed and established two…

Describes how four teachers use reading as an integral part of their writing instruction. (SRT)

Discusses the "Preferences of Adolescents at Secondary School" (PASS) survey administered to 595 students in seven British comprehensive schools. Assesses student opinions on topics such as overt versus covert feedback, teacher interaction, school environment, and rationale for attendance, stating that, in general, adolescents still…

Argues against ritualized approaches to literature. Endorses four aesthetic teaching stances which vary the conversations that can occur between student and student, student and teacher, and student and literature, and which pursue a "playful" literature curriculum, value the unexpected, and allow conversations where children talk their…

Compares teacher expectations for Black children who speak Black Dialect with Black children who speak Standard English. Concludes that teachers expect significantly greater overall academic achievement, reading success, and intelligence from children who speak Standard English. (MM)

Reports on students' study and drawing of five electronic circuit diagrams. Concludes that the success of the students depended upon the amount of detail in the instructional diagrams. (RT)

Examines the nature of children's sense of theme in narratives as it develops over three age levels--kindergarten, second grade, and fourth grade--and investigates the role of literature in that development. Concludes that thematic identification is an early developmental strategy. (MM)

Argues for the inclusion of noncanonical literature in the English curriculum, especially literature by women and minorities. Provides principles to guide the teaching of noncanonical literature. (SRT)

Proposes the use of a computer program called "Slo-Write" that slows word processing down to one character every five seconds for use by word processing burnouts. (NKA)

Presents a study of students in Australia, Canada, and England and examines grade nine students' written responses to writing over a two year period and their opinions of the books they read. Suggests that for students of that age, creative written responses to writing are the most imaginative. (JC)

Suggests that viewing aesthetic reading as a process whereby readers and writers attempt to "make contact" and collaborate in making meaning forces one to adopt research strategies that go beyond measuring reading comprehension, and offers two studies to illustrate these ideas. (JC)