Examines the relationship between sex and sex- type and leadership in small discussion groups. Results indicate personality influences leadership only during initial group interaction. The best characterization of social and task leadership is via psychological sex type rather than biological sex. Suggests leadership style dogmatism and motivation…

Findings suggest that peers' ratings of behavior of coparticipants in small, interpersonally oriented groups might yield valid data on how accepting the participants were of both others and self. An instrument designed to assess both self-acceptance and the acceptance of others in small groups was used to measure personality. (Author)

Describes an adolescent outpatient pretherapy training and orientation program considered to have speeded group cohesion; increased expression of positive expectations; reduced time-wasting discussion; decreased concerns over confidentiality; and facilitated verbal feedback skills. (Author/DB)

Results indicated that (a) low-rate children engaged in significantly more isolate and observer activity than did high-rate children, and (b) high-rate children engaged in significantly more cooperative and fantasy activity than did low-rate children; and (c) There were no significant differences between groups for game and parallel activities.…

Findings suggest that extroverts are more likely to be susceptible to behavioral contagion, i.e., spontaneous imitation of another's behavior, than introverts. (Author)

Advocates at least a modicum of counselor structure for effective group functioning. Helping the group define goals and set limits provides the membership with a sense of purpose and assists individuals toward the achievement of those goals. (Author)

One of the basic purposes of counseling is to help clients achieve some kind of behavioral and cognitive change that increases their competence in managing interpersonal relationships. The advantages and procedures for increasing clients' interpersonal skills within the context of a counseling group are discussed in this article. (Author)

Provides a rationale for the use of mental imagery as a primary counseling process in structured small group experiences. This purpose is based on assertions that mental imagery can facilitate client learning. (Author)

Describes a model of family counseling based on Adlerian psychology. A brief overview of the psychological principles of Adlerian psychology is provided as well as an intervention schema to help the elementary counselor decide what family members to include in counseling and how to deal ethically with families. (RC)

Explores inconsistent findings in earlier brainstorming research. Indicates that variation in the number of high and low apprehensive communicators assigned to a brainstorming group affects member productivity, perceptions of status differentiation, and satisfaction with the group. Supports the conclusion that communication predispositions and…

Efficacy in working with recollection can be increased by understanding reminiscence. Informative reminiscence involves recollection for the pleasure of reliving and retelling. Evaluative reminiscence has a more favorable resolution when it ranges over the lifetime and is shared. Obsessive reminiscence may result from guilt, stress or grief.…

Describes the use of experientially based instruction in intercultural communication in a Semester at Sea (SAS) program. Students discuss the theory behind culture shock and individual development in groups and experience the formula at work. (JMF)

Analyzes ways to lead group discussions of literature. Offers suggestions on what questions to ask and how to keep the discussion a stimulating experience for the participants. (RL)

An approach to sequencing curriculum in health education based on group development is presented. The plan relates five developmental issues to be covered to various health education topics which may represent these issues. (JMF)

The contingency model of leadership was extended to investigate subordinate satisfaction. It was hypothesized that subordinate satisfaction with a leader would yield evidence of an interaction between leadership style and situational parameters. Results indicated moderate support for an extension of the contingency model formulation. (RC)