Responds to Caple's article on organizational change with an analysis of the relationship between social change and individual choice in Western society. Discusses self concept as the experience of individual ego and personal responsibility and analyzes the individual's ability to maintain a sense of purpose in life. (ABB)

Classified 96 undergraduates by locus of control and assigned them to either situational control, perceived control, or no control conditions. Measures of stress reactions during and after exposure to noxious noise revealed no significant interactions between dispositional and situational or perceived control, not supporting congruency hypothesis.…

Summary findings from a meta-analysis of 133 research studies of adults comparing the relative effectiveness of cooperative, competitive, and individualistic efforts show that cooperation among adults promotes achievement, positive interpersonal relationships, social support, and self-esteem. (MLF)

Conceptually defining power and identifying the personal traits required for its exercise, this article provides a review of recent research on the sex-role socialization and personality characteristics of United States women. Concludes that as women gain more political power, issues such as sex discrimination, reproductive control, and child care…

Administered items from three locus of control (LOC) tests and the Beck Hopelessness Scale to 197 undergraduates. Factor analyses produced multiple factors for each LOC test; Beck proved to be unidimensional. Each LOC test contained salient dimension describing belief in luck, chance, or fate. Other common themes were internal control and…

Investigates the effects of selected features of family and kinship structures on wives' power in marriage. Residence and descent practices are particularly important predictors of wives' power on the cross-cultural level. Organizational resources may be at least as important as material resources in the determination of conjugal power structures.…

Changes in how society thinks about health include holistic and self-actualizing approaches, community development solutions to health problems, national health problems, national health-promoting policy, renewed interest in the environment, and new roles for health professionals in reforming systems of health care and awareness. (SK)

Popular adult education differs from other educational practices in its goals: bringing about structural changes in society, empowering individuals, developing critical consciousness, improving capacity to transform reality, and strengthening class organization. (SK)

Examines motivational processes within different goal/reward structures, i.e., competitive, cooperative, and individualistic. Reviews the results of several studies of teacher and student perceptions of personal ability and success and failure. Discusses educational implications of the authors' conclusion that alternative goal structures lead to…

Notes that one of the most significant characteristics of mutual aid groups is the fact that they are empowering and thus delineating. They enable members to feel and use their strengths, their own power, to have control over their own lives. (Author/AM)

Without a commitment to a corporate value system that supports teamwork, the very best of efforts will be diluted and stifled. It does not take very long for vitalized, optimistic middle managers to become socialized by a closed system into becoming pessimistic for the remainder of their corporate lives. (Author/IRT)

Five Major Policy Resolutions were adopted, without objection, at the 33rd Annual Convention of the National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) held in Salt Lake City, Utah, in October 1976. The issues involved were: Treaties and Trust Responsibilities, Tribal Government, Jurisdiction, Federal Administration and Structure of Indian Affairs, and…

Two concepts--"Smother Love" and "Tough Love"--were used successfully in a training program for senior citizens preparing to become companions to hospital patients. This dependent versus interdependent framework enables the helpers to establish constructive relationships with patients. (SJL)

Discusses how intra-tribal disputes affect Indian unity. (NQ)

This brief model of philosophy of education is designed to allow pupils to develop independent habits of critical inquiry proceeding from a problem centered orientation. (Author)