Results show that the incentive group students, as compared with the control group students, obtained significantly higher verbal, performance, and full IQ scores. This suggests that norm-referenced tests as diagnostic placement aids must be used with caution. (Author)

Description of a project which evaluated performance of eight videodisc authoring tools on a series of eight authoring tasks begins by discussing the nature of authoring tools. Products, procedures, implementation of the evaluation plan, and product performance are then described; the research is critiqued; and changes for future evaluation…

Gender differences on horizontality and verticality tasks were examined to determine whether they are mediated by gender differences in expectancies for success. Gender differences in performance were found, with males performing better than females. Gender differences in expectancies for success did not fully account for gender differences in…

Provides an overview of literature dealing with sex-related differences in mathematics. Areas considered include: (1) parental factors; (2) school and teacher factors; (3) peer group values; and psychological explanations. (JN)

A study involving 50 educationally handicapped (EH), 37 learning disabled (LD), and 40 nonhandicapped (NH) children revealed that when measures were administered weekly over three consecutive weeks, NH subjects' variability was greater than either LD or EH subjects. When subjects were tested on three passages in one sitting, no reliable difference…

A dictated word list assessment and a dictated paragraph assessment were administered to 20 learning disabled (LD) elementary students. Error-pattern consistency indicated that the LD subjects utilized systematic approaches to spelling dictated words. Findings supported the use of diagnostic error-analysis techniques and a structured approach to…

Achievement behavior is defined as behavior directed at demonstrating high ability. Ability is conceived as relative to one's own past performance, or relative to that of others. Conditions under which these conceptions of ability function as individual's goals and the nature of subjective experience in each case are specified. (Author/BW)

Two studies were conducted to identify individual differences in the effect of instruction on strategies used to solve figural/numerical analogies. The first study assessed students' use of an appropriate rule for solving analogies and the stimulus attributes they incorporated. In Study 2, verbal protocols of selected subjects were analyzed.…

Tips to help musicians relax and be more confident as they perform are presented. For example, when complete attention is focused on the music, the mind does not worry about the audience. (RM)

Highlights of this look at a Cleveland principal include his technique for involving staff directly with students, his role in impressive test score increases, and his passion for art collecting. (KS)

The elements of jazz improvisation are discussed and criteria for their evaluation are suggested. The criteria can be used as guidelines for the objective and thorough analysis of individual student performance. (RM)

Two studies were conducted to (1) develop measure of infants' executive capacity, defined as difference between infants' most sophisticated level of functioning displayed first in free and then in elicited play and (2) to test several hypotheses regarding relationship between these performance and competence measures of child functioning and home…

This study of the differences between oversized and standard-sized tennis racquets found both beginning and intermediate level players scored significantly higher using the oversized racquet. Beginning players preferred the oversized racquet while intermediate players rated the two racquets about equal. Implications for teaching are discussed.…

Explores effects on one child of observing another same-sex child receive direct reinforcement. Subjects were 216 children from different age levels (6.11, 9.1, and 11.2 years). Results were considered in terms of vicarious reinforcement and the "implicit punishment" hypothesis. (Author/CI)