This explanatory sequential mixed methods study, which consisted of QUAN [right arrow] to qual investigated the impact of mathematics word problems among African American students in the seventh grade. This study applied a culturally relevant education (CRE) lens to examine how students solve mathematics word problems. Ladson-Billings (1997) and…

This study investigates how in-service teachers perceive analyzing their own lower secondary students' written argumentation as useful. The participants were lower secondary school teachers enrolled in a university mathematics teaching program. The teachers planned and conducted a teaching lesson and wrote a report concerning the argumentation in…

This study sought to compare the effectiveness of teaching with manipulatives versus algorithms and procedures. Assessment data were collected before instruction, after instruction with algorithms and procedures, and after instruction with modeling and manipulatives. Data were collected from 113 students from the 5th, 6th, and 7th grades within…

The purpose of this quantitative, quasi-experimental, nonequivalent comparison-group design was to determine if "How to Learn Math: For Students" (Boaler, 2018) had a statistically significant influence on ninth-grade and tenth-grade students' mathematical achievement and the achievement gap across socioeconomic status. Participants…

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect extrinsic motivation had on student academic achievement in both English Language Arts (ELA) and math. The study was a quantitative, ex-post facto quasi-experimental design that compared student achievement on a benchmark assessment from one year to another. In this study, the instrument used…

The purpose of this action research was to explore mathematics teachers' current practices and perceptions of technology integration, as well as the factors that influence their perceptions of technology integration. Across the country, states have partnered with federal efforts, taking an active role in building a technology-rich learning…

Many mathematics teachers, at one time or another, have exclaimed that "I really didn't understand mathematics, until I had to teach it." Secondary mathematics teachers' knowledge, both subject matter and pedagogical content, plays an important role in their teaching of the subject. Teacher education programs are, therefore, designed to…

We study teachers' choices about how to allocate class time across different instructional activities, for example, lecturing, open discussion, or individual practice. Our data come from secondary schools in England, specifically classes preceding GCSE exams. Students score higher in math when their teacher devotes more class time to individual…

Professors in proof-based mathematics courses often intend that the feedback they provide on students' flawed proofs will promote proof comprehension. In this theoretical article, we investigate how such feedback can be formulated. Drawing on Lakatos's process of proof and refutation, we propose the notion of "heuristic refutation…

Mathematics Learning Support (MLS) has been widely available in Higher Education Institutions in the United States (US) for decades. However, until recently, there has been little research that considered the extent of provision. In this paper, we present the results of a survey of MLS with responses from 268 institutions across the US, which…

In this study, we examine "what went wrong" in our professional development program for encouraging cognitively demanding instruction, focusing on the difficulties we encountered in using an observational tool for evaluating this type of instruction and reaching inter-rater reliability. We do so through the lens of a discursive theory of…

Peter Liljedahl describes a Building Thinking Classrooms (BTC) framework that shows teachers how to set up a classroom that promotes thinking. BTC is divided into 4 toolkits. The first toolkit consists of thinking tasks, vertical non-permanent surfaces, and visibly random groups. The second pertains to defronting the classroom, giving thinking…

The aim of the present study is to explore strategies in enumerating units of three dimensional (3D) arrays. We analyse enumeration strategies of students in grade 3 (ages 8 to 9) in situations of cubical and spherical representations of units of 3D arrays. By exploring students' strategies in these two situations, we find that difficulties in…

This study aims to determine the graphical literacy levels of middle school mathematics teachers. The participants of the study consisted of 33 middle school mathematics teachers working in different provinces. The data of the study were collected with the help of the graphical literacy test created by the researchers. The data were analyzed by…

In this report, we analyze students' learning of compound probability by describing connections they generated while engaged with tasks involving two independent events. Several of their connections were compatible with the development of expertise, such as recognizing the need to determine sample spaces across a variety of situations and noting…