Undergraduates could earn a $10 bonus by performing above average on a free-recall task. Following a pretest, success messages were manipulated. During a subsequent test, subjects could cheat. Cheating was related to anticipated success in a curvilinear fashion with medium success yielding the most cheating. Cheating and expectations are…

High- and low-risk testing on six- and seven-year-old children and on mother's and child's aspirations for future performance revealed that for first-born children performance and aspirations (both of mother and child) were higher than those of second-born children in low-risk activities. The opposite was found true in high-risk activities. (MJB)

A biomechanical analysis of the breaststroke is presented, applying hydrodynamic research to develop an understanding of propulsive forces acting to overcome resistance, and to intorduce modifications in stroke mechanics which would develop a more efficient psychomotor pattern. The applicability of the research to all swimming strokes is noted.…

Examines conversations with five children of primary school age, in order to illustrate the importance and difficulties of conversation. (AA)

In a study involving the reading of bar graphs it was found that students in the control group (who did not receive generalization cues) did significantly better than those in the experimental group. (Ed.)

Available from: C. Elton Hinshaw, Secretary, 1313 21st Avenue South, Nashville, Tennessee 37212. (JG)

Tested college students for conformity when conditions contributing to conformity were absent. Found that social pressures (responding in public, being surveyed by fellow group members) are necessary to produce conformity. (RL)

Discusses performance analysis, designed for use in an organization's training program. It is described as a technology which views organization performance as a function of the individual and the job environment, in which any modification of performance has to deal with both parts. Examples of the use and benefits of performance analysis are…

A study involving 14 stutterers (mean age 20.7 years) was conducted to determine the effect of sentence length on the frequency of stuttering. (Author/SBH)

A group of 31 institutionalized retarded adolescents responded to 18 conservation of number tasks. (Author)

Cuing, organization, and reduction constraints were systematically manipulated in a descriptive passage presented to 120 undergraduate students. Results showed strong effects for cuing on written summary qualities. Performance across treatment combinations on all four outcome measures was far below ceiling level. (Author/BS)

Acquisitions librarians at two different universities studied the performance of four serials vendors by ordering the same titles at the same time. The study shows which vendor performed best in areas of delivery time, discount, fulfillment, and service, and also provides supportive data for management decisions in acquisitions. (Author/EM)

Cocaine and nicotine are among stiumulants used by athletes to improve their performance or for escape. Negative effects of these stimulants are discussed. (Author/CB)