Undergraduate students' engagement with mathematical discourse when defining geometric solids is analysed and compared with what their lecturers expect them to do. The theory of commognition is adopted as the theoretical framework, which permits the characterisation and comparison of their discursive activities, and may lead to the identification…

In a three-phase study, with a total of 40 third-grade teachers and their 830 students, teachers were supported to use classroom assessment techniques (CATs) to reveal their students' knowledge of number operations. In phase I, four teachers and 66 third-grade students participated in five monthly workshops in which CATs were co-designed and their…

In this work we present the design of a computer-based environment aimed at engaging primary school children in argumentative practices while solving a story problem. Argumentation has been regarded from two points of view, both as a process and as a product. Students, using the collaborative tools offered by the platform, co-constructed shared…

This study is to reveal the construction process of student representation in solving of ill-structured geometry problems. The three phases involved in the construction process are interpreting the problem, giving opinions, and concluding. A total of four high school students participated in Surabaya and Sidoarjo in this qualitative study. They…

This study analyzed the relative importance of different cognitive abilities for solving complex mathematical word problems (CWPs)--a demanding task of high relevance for diverse fields and contexts. We investigated the effects of spatial, verbal, numerical, and general reasoning abilities as well as gender on CWP performance among N = 1282…

Math anxiety negatively predicts young children's math achievement. While some researchers have suggested that math anxiety may stem from poor math ability, others have argued that math anxiety occurs at all levels of math ability. An important question is whether math anxiety predicts math achievement over and above foundational math skills. We…

In this article, former high school teacher and K-12 math supervisor Stacy Winters questions if her approach to high school math instruction was what was best for student learning. After observing elementary classrooms and the way the teachers were able to engage the students in student centered, hands on, interactive, and fun math lessons, she…

Completion of a quality Algebra course by 8th grade is a prerequisite for successful entry into STEM majors; thus best practices in this critical course must be as equitable as possible to support STEM recruitment and retention. However, if the research base for Algebra is under-examines some populations of students, structural inequity may be…

We investigated the impact of assistance on learning and affect during problem-solving activities with a computer tutor we built using the Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools framework. The tutor delivered its primary form of assistance in the form of worked-out examples. We manipulated the level of assistance the examples in the tutor provided, by…

This study investigated the development of problem-solving strategies demonstrated by 42 elementary pre-service mathematics teachers in problem-solving mathematics classes. The study used a mixed methods approach of quantitative and qualitative research by analyzing the collected data.. The quantitative portion calculates the frequencies and…

Productive struggle--expending effort to make sense of something beyond one's current level of understanding--aids in learning mathematics concepts and procedures. In this study, we surveyed 197 parents with children in the 1st to the 5th grade on their beliefs about productive struggle. Beliefs were assessed via questionnaire and rating of a…

For millions of students at American colleges, freshman year starts off with an unpleasant surprise: despite graduating high school, students find themselves assigned to remedial classes in math or English, which they must pay for and pass before being allowed into college-level courses. Policymakers looking to increase postsecondary enrollment…

This study investigated the mediating roles of self-efficacy and anxiety on the effects of teacher-student relationship on mathematical problem-solving ability. A total of 1667 fifth graders from central China participated in the large-scale survey. The findings indicated that (1) teacher-student relationship had a direct and positive effect on…

The concept of equivalence can be elusive to students and can be confounded with unproductive understandings of the equals sign. Using the game-based digital algebraic notation system, From Here to There! (FH2T), students explore ideas of equivalence by dynamically transforming expressions or equations among mathematically equivalent states. In…

Although the emphases on the importance of proving in mathematics education literature, many studies show that undergraduates have difficulty in this regard. Having researchers discussed these difficulties in detail; many frameworks have been presented evaluating the proof from different perspectives. Being one of them the proof image, which takes…