The passage of education legislation extending equal rights to women precipitated a series of court cases testing the rights of women to participate in high school athletic programs. These court decisions have resulted in fundamental changes in the operation, organization, and administration of athletic programs within many school districts. A…

Several exploratory studies have begun to look at the role of cognition on sport performance. An enriched understanding of the mental aspects of sport is emerging. Recently a team composed of researchers and a coach has attempted a closer understanding of the cognitive processes involved in the development of young athletes to their performance…

A complete profile of the average (male) soccer player is established through the study of ten topflight soccer teams in the United States and abroad. Statistical averages for team age, strength and muscular power, body size and composition, agility and flexibility, lung capacity, and various other physical and physiological characteristics are…

One hundred and thirty-six 5- and 6-year-olds participated in this study, which investigated the extent to which cooperative, trusting behavior could be demonstrated between Mexican-American, Negro, and Anglo-American children. Also considered were some of the basic variables which were important in the development of such behavior. Similar and…

The authors review studies on the effects of these three types of learning situations on students' motivation, self-concept, attitudes, and psychological health. While concluding that all three can be appropriately used in the classroom, they give particular attention to the teacher's role in implementing cooperative activities. (SJL)

Theme articles focus on FFA (Future Farmers of America) conventions and contests. They examine FFA as an extracurricular versus intracurricular activity, keeping competition in perspective, contests as student motivators, how a sponsor views FFA, improving the teaching of leadership, benefits of FFA participation, the needs of disadvantaged and…

The military is drawing a large share of minority students by offering recruits training, further education, and decent pay. It is less advisable for academia to compete with the military for students than to see military personnel as potential students. (MLW)

Urges development of gifted programs appropriate to rural schools. Discusses groupings, curricula, technology, and differentiated education. Emphasizes the importance of peer and community involvement. Provides 21 references. (SKW)

Discusses the status of U.S.-Japan relations regarding science and technology. Describes Japan's science and technology structure. Outlines trends in cooperation and competition for the technology market between the U.S. and Japan. (CW)

Current challenges to the nursing profession are examined, including changing health needs, health care providers and the cost and quality of their services, the recruitment, retention, and regulation of nurses, and competition. Implications for nursing and parallels with pharmacy are discussed. (MSE)

Values and beliefs that govern educational practices are discussed, as is an alternative value perspective more consistent with the spirit of reform suggested by national reports. Reputational and resource views of excellence are described. Curriculum, teaching, grading, testing, and faculty personnel policies are discussed. (MLW)

Investigated differential impact of various cooperative learning methods and the interaction of student characteristics with learning methods in 864 elementary school students and 32 student teachers. Results revealed substantial differences in effects of cooperative techniques. Cooperative-competitive social orientation and ethnic status…

The West German debate over state-controlled higher education planning versus market-oriented competition is examined in the context of recent West German educational history, actions taken by the federal government and science council, institutional reactions, and research on the use of performance indicators. (MSE)

Japanese school teachers provided examples of cooperative and competitive student behaviors in order to construct rating scales. Further ranking and factor analysis resulted in nine competitive and eight cooperative items. Age differences are discussed, as well as the Japanese society's encouragement of cooperative activities. The items are…

Forces acting on medical education and compelling a reexamination of current approaches include cost containment, competition and price sensitivity, new technologies, the physician surplus, and a rapidly expanding, politically assertive aging population. (MSE)