To determine the effects of noise intensities found in vocational shops and laboratories on student reading comprehension and task completion time, a study was conducted involving 94 students from 6 schools. The students were randomly assigned to either a control group or an experimental group and given the task of reading and answering questions.…

The organization, functions, and work of the Research Institute of Physical Culture and Health, and the Research Unit for Sport and Physical Fitness, both functioning at the premises of the Foundation of Physical Culture and Health in Jyvaskyla, Finland, are discussed. Research papers which have been presented at international congresses during…

Twenty female gymnasts between the ages of twelve and fourteen were tested to determine possible difference in strength and flexibility before and after the development of an active menstrual cycle. Results indicate that females participating in gymnastics on a seriously competitive level tend to be short and light for their ages, as well as to…

THE AUTHOR REVIEWS HIS PREVIOUS RESEARCH INTO TECHNIQUES TO ATTRACT CULTURALLY-DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS BACK TO THE CLASSROOM AND TO MAINTAIN THEIR ATTENDANCE. A CONTINGENCY SYSTEM WAS DEVELOPED TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE, AND THE VARIABLES SPEED AND ACCURACY WERE INVESTIGATED. THIS IS PAPER NO. FOUR IN THE "VARIABLES INFLUENCING BEHAVIOR" PROJECT. (LH)

A SPECIAL TRIAL STUDY EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM WAS INITIATED FOR STUDENTS WHOSE PAST ACADEMIC RECORDS WOULD NOT NORMALLY HAVE QUALIFIED THEM FOR ADMISSION TO COLLEGE. STUDENTS WHO HAD MAINTAINED LESS THAN A 75 AVERAGE IN HIGH SCHOOL WERE ALLOWED TO MATRICULATE IN A REDUCED PROGRAM OF STUDIES IN THE EVENING DIVISION. THE STUDENTS WERE ALSO REQUIRED TO…

A CONCEPT OF A TENSION SYSTEM IN A WORKING-MEMORY PLAN WAS STUDIED TO IMPLEMENT A COUNSELING APPROACH EFFECTIVE IN REDUCING THE RATE OF HIGH SCHOOL DROPOUTS. COLLEGE FRESHMEN AND HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS (178) WERE EQUALLY DIVIDED BETWEEN EXPERIMENTAL AND CONTROL GROUPS EQUATED ON AGE, CLASS, SEX, AND INTELLIGENCE. ALL SUBJECTS WERE INDIVIDUALLY…

In order to determine the magnitude and nature of relationships among selected measures of cognitive styles, abilities, and aptitudes, 24 tests were administered to 201 Navy recruits. The resultant data demonstrate that cognitive styles are relatively independent of abilities and aptitudes. Although styles were significantly related to abilities…

The need for psychological skills in coping with anxiety on the part of athletes and coaches is discussed. Courses are proposed to teach techniques for controlling bodily responses to anxiety, self understanding and positive thinking, and goal clarification. (JD)

The effects of meaningfulness of the stimulus materials and the presence or absence of contextual cues on problem-solving behavior were investigated. Third-graders (N=80) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions and their performance in a series of discrimination problems was observed. Subjects in Conditions I and II responded to stimuli…

The biomechanical elements inherent in the running styles of Olympic-level athletes were examined in order to obtain a range of parameter values for specific running velocities. Forty-eight athletes participated in middle and long distance running events that were filmed and later analyzed to determine the relationship between the physical…

The theory that teachers treat students from whom they expect superior achievement differently than those from whom they expect inferior performance is examined. Five ways of reacting on the part of the teacher are identified for the purpose of this study--teacher warmth, teacher feedback, teacher selection of materials, opportunity offered for…

Research was conducted upon relationships between students' conceptual level (CL) and form of course organization (high/low structure) as it affects student attainment of course objectives. In addition, feelings toward the training organization were observed. Synectics training was conducted in which thirty-six undergraduate teacher trainees were…

Elementary school teachers chosen for their effectiveness in consistently producing achievement gains in their pupils were observed to determine how difficult a teacher's questions should be for students to learn the maximum amount of material. The collected data, correlated with residualized student achievement gain scores (averaged over four…

Compared were the structure needs (defined as assistance, advice, and approval required by a student to complete a task to his own satisfaction) of 27 gifted and 17 average elementary age students in completing an author designed, individually administered task. Structure needs were also analyzed relative to the IQ levels and self concepts of the…

Random samples were drawn from the city directories of Columbus, Nebraska, and Grand Forks, North Dakota, for a study of the ability of readers to detect and differentiate between straight news and editorials. Each respondent completed a Likert-type instrument, which had a split-half reliability of 0.87. Analyses indicated that there were…