Children with high self-esteem are less likely to succumb to pressure and do better in school. In this article parents are given advice on how to help their children develop self-esteem. Communication and a positive approach to life are emphasized. (IAH)

Rather than being a by-product of the social activism of the 1960s, modern child advocacy began and evolved immediately after World War II in the context of the welfare state. The rise and fall of the Citizens' Committee for Children of New York, begun in 1945, illustrates the changing content and meaning of postwar child advocacy. (TM)

Critiques Lytton's article in this issue that argues against focusing on the relative strength of child effects versus environmental effects. It is recommended that researchers should instead focus on the issues on which mechanisms operate and how they interact during transactional development. (RH)

Parents can help teach children to manage money and be financially productive and independent. The article offers parents strategies to help their children move forward in a positive financial direction. The strategies include talking to children about money and matching children's savings. (SM)

Summer outings can be fun if parents let children make the plans. Children can plan outings and learn valuable skills if parents let them gather the information, map and direct the route, plan a picnic, make an agenda, list necessary items, pack the car, plan activities, and learn by doing. (SM)

The process of money management should be taught as soon as the child becomes aware of money, usually as early as ages 3 or 4. At this level, teaching may be in the form of explaining the difference between the value of a nickel and a dime. Money management training often begins with the allocation of an allowance. Parents are advised not to link…

Data were collected in 1956 and in 1983 to determine if parental perceptions of children's potential contribution to household work have changed over the past 25 years. Results indicate that parental perceptions have changed very little, with the exception that parents in the 1983 sample estimated older ages for children performing tasks involving…

Examines judgments involving children under the tort of negligence, using All England Law Reports for 1939 to 1983 and some cases from other countries. Discusses "contributory negligence,""parental liability,""responsibility,""allurement," and "res-ipsa loquitur." Suggests more use of developmental…

Summer is the perfect time for a child to develop the resourcefulness, responsibility, and reliability necessary for independence. Suggestions are made for organizing the household, establishing routines, encouraging interests, doing chores, and enhancing reading during the summer. (MT)

Discussed the materials necessary for students in a learning center stressing an individualized, team teaching project. (Author/RK)

Author feels that teachers should start delegating responsibilities early to help students develop good judgement. (GB)

The present study was an attempt to investigate two motivational interpretations of earlier findings that private speech increases with task difficulty. (Authors)

There is much to justify a movement involving the liberation of children. Children can benefit by experiencing greater respect and more freedom to choose to experience and even to fail. The elementary school counselor needs to decide what responsibility he is willing to accept regarding this issue. (Author)

Several arguments justifying subjecting children to adult authority are discussed and refuted. (JMF)

Argues that choice with responsibility belongs to the child, there must be a gradual continuous assumption of responsibility, and the choice with responsibility is a learning process. It is important to avoid offering choices that are not authentic. Adults also have responsibilities in fostering children's growth along these lines. (BF/JH)