Examines how people edit arguments prior to speaking, and what editorial criteria (effectiveness, principled objection to argument type, person-centered issues, and discourse competence) different types of people prefer. Notes that argumentativeness, verbal aggression, interpersonal orientation, and respondent gender are associated with use of…

Accompanied with a rapid expansion of Chinese higher education system in the 1990s is a pressing concern on college access by female students. In this study, empirical data are analyzed to disentangle contextual factors behind Chinese female access to higher education in the late 1990s. As the quality of higher education gains more attention of…

Through children's self-assessment, teachers and parents have the opportunity to clarify what the children see as their strengths in learning, whether the learning goals that teachers and parents set for a child are shared by the child, and what skills the child feels he or she needs to improve. This paper examines how young children's…

This article explores the modalities of accommodation of two dialectophones [speakers of a dialect] in the Haut-Valais [this is a regional place name], one of whom has lived in Berne, Switzerland for more than 20 years, the other for several years. By exploiting the notion of repertoire, the study focused on the greater or lesser convergence…

The importance of reflection in classroom inquiry is widely acknowledged, yet educators know more about the difference between reflective and nonreflective work than they know about the process of becoming more reflective. This study proposes a conceptual framework for linking three contexts of inquiry learning: (1) the conceptual terrain of the…

The Youth Development Project was established in 1998 as a vehicle for taking stock of and charting the issues involved in healthy youth development. This volume summarizes the project's work through papers prepared for discussions in May and October 1998 and edited for this collection. The essays in this volume are organized by three theme…

Examines developmental differences in category labeling in a communication situation. Adult women and nine-year-old children instructed seven-year-olds in the organization of groceries in a mock kitchen or in the organization of photographs of common objects into compartments as a "homework" assignment. Both adults and children gave more…

Investigates the role of context in two forms of recognition memory. The first of these involves conscious memory, the second, which may or may not include conscious memory, is manifested by an improvement in performance which occurs when words are repeated in a variety of perceptual recognition and classification tasks. (Author/MES)

The viewpoints of contributors to the forum are reviewed. Many of the disagreements represent fundamental differences in what constitutes evaluation. All four authors agree that the formative/summative distinction is useful and will continue to be an important concept in program evaluation, although the distinction needs greater clarification.…

Literature on evaluation use since 1986 was reviewed. Developments in this period include the rise of considerations of context as critical to understanding use; identification of process use as a consequence of evaluation; expansions of conception of use from individual to organizational levels; and diversification of the evaluator's role. (SLD)

Argues that the "interview" is a flexible device for language teaching useful for presenting complicated structures and vocabulary or to allow students to create complex "conversations" on specialized topics. Presents the text of an interview suitable for translation or as a model. (three references) (Author/CK)

Outlines the contextualist perspective upon career research, theory, and practice and explores the possibility of its adoption in the mainstream of the career field. Examines conceptualizations of the environment in mainstream career theories, underlying assumptions, the contextualist work hypothesis, and metaphors illustrating the contrast…

Illustrative case studies support a contingency approach to mixed-method evaluation in which the evaluation team bases its selection of methods on the information to be provided, the availability of data, and the degree to which the program environment is an open or closed system. (SLD)

Critiques four studies of morality and culture from the point of view of domain theory, based on distinctions between morality and social construal, domains of judgment (moral, social conventional, and personal), and perspectives within the social and power structure. (Author)

Generic power is the ability to anticipate elements in a predictable sequence in a communicative event. The article examines the role of such power in a crucial situation--the admission interview in the Republic of Singapore--and argues that generic conventions cannot be divorced from the institutional and cultural constraints peculiar to a speech…