The purpose of this study was to determine the influence and the relative salience of imagery and contextual cues in the mediation of preschoolers' emotional stereotypes. Fourteen male and 14 female preschoolers enrolled in a university summer preschool program were presented with six hypothetical emotional situations in story form -- 2 each for…

A study tested the effect of three levels of context (positive, neutral, and negative) on subjects' accuracy in identifying facial expressions of emotion (fear, disgust, anger, sadness, happiness, and surprise). The subjects were 277 female and 69 male teachers enrolled in graduate communication courses. After reading a positive, neutral, or…

This discussion focuses on elements of children's immediate experience that influence their food preferences. Some evidence suggests that there may be sensitive periods early in life that are critical for the formation of food preferences and aversions. Additionally, the familiarity and the sweetness of foods appear to be important determinants of…

Assesses the effects of situational, teacher, and student difference variables that affect experienced teachers' selection of compliance-gaining techniques. Concludes that teachers' compliance-gaining message selection was substantially influenced by misbehavior type and intensity. (MM)

Investigates context effects on children's reading accuracy when reading words in a story context and from a word list. Notes that although many children read words in context which they could not read from lists, this result did not apply to good readers. (MM)

Investigates the effects of prior provision of context on the reading behavior of an above-average reader. Results indicate that discussion of context, through examining relevant illustrations, answering questions, and introducing new words, significantly decreased errors and slightly increased the amount of self-correction. (Author/GEA)

Three studies demonstrated that adults and children provide nonconservation-of-weight responses to misdirecting questions. Findings underscore the importance of linguistic pragmatics, conflict with recent claims that adults believe in the necessity of certain types of Piagetian logic, and support earlier findings suggesting that contextual cues…

Three studies investigated: the effect of parent involvement on the exploratory behaviors of children rated as high-, moderate-, or low-explorers; whether maternal presence increased the exploration of low-exploratory children, decreased the exploration of high-exploratory children, or both; and whether maternal presence or mother/child…

Two experiments investigated young children's ability to use the spatial context in which objects are encountered to aid later recall of the objects themselves. Results indicated that, at least in meaningful situations, the ability to use the spatial context of items to facilitate item recall is present from a very early age. (Author/RH)

First-, third-, and fifth-grade children played a board game with another same-age, same-sex child. Results demonstrated why young children are as likely to respond competitively as cooperatively under shared-reward conditions. (BJD)

The presence or absence of a diagnosed handicap in the child proved to be a critical factor in determining mothers' hierarchy of values for their preschoolers. Value areas assessed in two studies were physical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and sociocultural. (Author/RH)

Twelve years ago, Teachers College gained a great educational leader when Arthur Levine took over as president. In the years that followed, he shook up the city's top education school and pushed for new and better connections between Teachers College and the New York City public schools. On March 22, 2006, the Center for Educational…

Consistent behavior is a desirable characteristic that common items are expected to have when administered to different groups. Findings from the literature have established that items do not always behave in consistent ways; item indices and IRT item parameter estimates of the same items differ when obtained from different administrations.…

Research has shown that children with disabilities are often rejected by their peers and are rarely selected as playmates. The purpose of this study was to investigate preschoolers' preferences for children with physical or developmental disabilities or typically developing children in hypothetical situations. Sixty-four preschool children from…

This paper is concerned with the role of language in mathematics learning at college level. Its main aim is to provide a perspective on mathematical language appropriate to effectively interpret students' linguistic behaviors in mathematics and to suggest new teaching ideas. Examples are given to show that the explanation of students' behaviors…