This collection of instructional materials and class activities emphasizes five different situations in which courage is a necessary quality. For each section, lessons are planned to extend the theme through a cross-curricular approach. The topics include: a definition of courage; the courage to resist in the context of the Holocaust; mythical…

The 5-14 Development Programme was a major reform encompassing the whole of the curriculum, assessment, national testing and reporting for pupils of age 5 to 14 in Scotland. Between 1989 and 1993, national guidelines were developed for five curricular areas: English language, mathematics, environmental studies, expressive arts, and religious/moral…

The effects of a "school within a school" on the academic achievement of high school sophomores were studied in a Chicago (Illinois) inner-city public school, the Tilden Community Academy and its Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps (JROTC) program (school within the school). Of the 228 tenth graders, 49 were enrolled in the JROTC…

This document describes literacy models for urban and rural populations in Mexico. It contains four sections. The first two sections (generalizations about the population and considerations about the teaching of adults) discuss the environment that creates illiterate adults and also describe some of the conditions under which learning takes place…

The gain, or difference, score is defined as the difference between the posttest score and the pretest score for an individual. Gain scores appear to be a natural measure of growth for education and the social sciences, but they contain two sources of measurement error, error in either the pretest or posttest scores, and cannot be considered…

Despite similar cultural roots and standards of living, the secondary education systems of France, the Netherlands, England, Scotland, and the United States produce remarkably different levels of achievement in mathematics and science. An examination of achievement at a given age shows that the French and Dutch have learned the most, Americans the…

This monograph presents seven papers on the research, and pedagogical aspects of developmental education and implications for a definition of developmental education. After an introductory paper by the editors, the papers are: (1) "The New Science: Connections with Developmental Education" (Dana D. Darby); (2) "Issues Affecting the Definition of…

TEAMS Distance Learning is an Educational Telecommunications Network service of the Los Angeles County Office of Education (California). It provides live, interactive instructional telecasts for students in grades two through six and their teachers and parents across the United States and in Canada. This evaluation summary consists of an overview…

In the summer of 1995, the Toronto Board of Education implemented its New Expanded Opportunities Summer Program in order to provide the best support possible, and the most effective use of students summer school time. This report outlines data from surveys disseminated to 415 students and 48 teachers during the final week of summer school. Survey…

Data in the tables of this publication were derived from the Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development. They reflect research and development funding (R&D) levels as reported by 32 federal agencies from March through October 1994. The agencies reported their data as obligations and outlays incurred, or expected to be incurred,…

It is only a slight exaggeration to describe the test theory that dominates educational measurement today as the application of twentieth-century statistics to nineteenth-century psychology. Sophisticated estimation procedures, new techniques for missing-data problems, and theoretical advances into latent-variable modeling have appeared--all…

This paper describes a study carried out in Portugal on the effects of three different preschool curricula on children's entry into primary school. These curricula are High Scope, Formal Skills, and Movimento da Escola Moderna. The sample consisted of 223 children followed longitudinally from nursery to primary school. Systematic observations were…

This book provides parents with more than 70 original, entertaining, and educational ways to help their children master crucial learning skills--each game takes just 10 minutes or less from start to finish. The games presented in the book cover all the important areas of the primary school curriculum: reading, writing, spelling, mathematics,…

This book is a child-centered program for students of ages four through eight to enable children to make sense of their experience, build meaning, and take effective action in their world. The units describe classroom techniques for determining what basic ideas, experiences, and questions the children have and continuing the instructional process…

Equity issues in education and the conditions out of which they emerge frame the chapters of this yearbook. These chapters analyze the arenas in which our society must seek greater equity, but they do not offer a blueprint, or any singular theory or body of knowledge. The chapters are: (1) "Community Education and Education for Community" (Colin…