Examined whether sex-role stereotypes would affect nurses' (N=32) attitudes toward simulations of male and female patients. Emotional style and patients' diagnosis were manipulated. Results showed significant sex-role differences and stereotypical attitudes. Male patients were rated more positively, and were more likely to possess traditional male…

LD adolescents had substantially lower academic self-concepts and academic expectations than normally achieving adolescents. Similarly, teachers had negative perceptions of and low academic expectations for LD adolescents. Finally, parents of LD adolescents had lower academic expectations for their children than did parents of normally achieving…

A study investigating mothers' ideas of appropriate speech to children aged 1;6-3;6 looked at the explicitness of action directives given. Results support several theories and the notion that differences in mothers' language use reflect their ideas of what the child can understand. (MSE)

Two experiments found support for the proposition that, when cognitive cues (knowledge of children's chronological age) conflict with perceptual cues (perceived height), the latter cues, although inappropriate, are more salient in determining adult expectations for achievement. (MP)

Starting from a three-dimensional conception of mood (pleasantness, activation, and calmness), tested the assumption that activation and/or calmness would reflect strength and centrality of desires present, while pleasantness would reflect expected goal achievement. Found that expected goal achievement correlated with calmness. (Author/RC)

Investigated the predictions of social influence theory with respect to client resistance to counselor influence. Data offered support for the social influence theory in that subjects' expectations of others' instrumental behavior were lower for those who viewed illegitimate counselors. (Author)

Explored differences between factors related to occupational preference and occupational choice for college students. Results supported the model indicating occupational preference was primarily a function of pure attraction; occupational choice was a function of attraction, expectancy of attaining an occupation, and consideration of expected…

Compared pharmacological and social-learning influences on development of alcohol-related expectancies. Investigated adolescents in transition from nondrinking to adult drinking practices. Six expectancy factors repeated across age groups: physical tension reduction, diversion from worry, increased interpersonal power, magical transformation of…

Investigates impact of achievement test results (N=285) on 13 sixth-grade teachers' expectations using hypotheses from cognitive dissonance theory. Shows teacher expectations changed very little as a result of feedback, and test results for both under- and overestimated students were rejected. (AH)

Forty-five teachers of educable mentally retarded (EMR) students and 34 first-grade teachers rated their students' mathematical abilities on a seven-point scale. The EMR teachers rated their students significantly lower than did first-grade teachers, although they performed comparably on the Peabody Mathematics Readiness Test. (Author/LC)

Traditional academic expectations of learners labeled mildly mentally handicapped are investigated. It is argued that databased, behaviorally oriented instructional technology provides directly relevant, practical programing information for classroom teachers. (Author)

Reports the results of a 1980 survey of teachers in Los Angeles (California) and Tokyo (Japan). Among the findings were that Japanese teachers identify with their schools and are committed to service, while American teachers are more independent and view teaching as a job. (Author/JM)

Subjects (N=48) attempted 24 trials of a psychomotor task to avoid aversive stimulus. Subject-experimenters, with solution expectancies instilled, offered information to subjects. Found that subject-experimenter expectancies were communicated to subjects via periodic comments. Expectancies affected subjects' task performance. Previous similar task…

Assessed expectations for counseling success in reference to analytic, behavioral, and Gestalt counseling. Audiotapes were designed, each describing one modality. Differences in expectations for positive results were not found when unbiased descriptions of counseling types were utilized. Only adult females showed expectancy for long-term cure in…

This study examined the degree to which change in examination preparation for graduate statistics was related to measures of attribution, expectancy, prior performance, perceived success/failure, and satisfaction. Performance was the single best predictor of change in preparation. Three attribution measures and satisfaction contributed unique…