The reasoning of adolescents in indeterminate situations was examined with particular attention given to how individuals incorporate the possibility that outcomes are determined jointly by more than one variable. Kuhn and Brannock's (1977) plant problem and two other similarly structured problems were administered to 25 inner-city adolescents…

This study using the Visual Expectation Paradigm explored ways in which predictability of stimulus location and time of appearance affect the formation of expectations in infants of 3 months. A total of 64 babies were randomly assigned to one of four groups that differed by predictability of stimulus location and time of stimulus appearance.…

Provides an illustration of the contribution of serendipitous happenings to scientific information and relates this to a consideration of social and technical problems confronting mankind. The author decries an unfortunate tendency in science today: that of discarding observational aspects of field activities which cannot easily be made…

Confirms the ability of the subtests of the Metropolitan Readiness Test (MRT) in predicting reading and mathematics achievement of first graders. (RB)

This study investigates the relationship, if any, between the complexity of resident assistants' cognitive systems and their abilities to predict the academic performance of students. The results indicate no evidence to support this conception. Results did indicate, however, a significant correlation between resident assistants' predictions and…

A 12-month followup study of 151 infants (46 preterm respiratory disease syndrome--RDS--Ss, 46 postterm postmaturity syndrome Ss, and 59 normal term Ss) was conducted to ascertain any early intervention needs and early predictors on 1-year performance, and to formulate a cumulative risk index which would identify those infants who were continuing…

Research is showing that the incidence of minor physical abnormalities correlates with learning and behavioral problems in children. J. Rappoport and associates at Georgetown University have developed a scale to count such physical abnormalitites as the epicanthus fold, placement of ears, curve of little finger, length of toes, or lack of…

A systematic procedure for developing more accurate estimates of college admission parameters was established. This system quantitatively encodes subjective logic used by decision-makers to combine historical data, statistically derived sample estimates from the current year, and subjective estimates of the decision-maker. (Author)

The present experiment tested the prediction made in a number of arguments presented in this article that a consensus-breaking partner will produce greater reduction in conformity than a consensus-preempting partner. (Author/RK)

Concludes that newspaper audience interest in reading a syndicated column on anthropology is high. (RB)

Sixty-one learning disabled (LD) adolescents in four junior high schools were randomly assigned to experimental or control groups as part of an effort to teach LD students to set realistic goals so they might experience success and satisfaction in school. Ss in the experimental group made achievement contracts and predicted their performance in…