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Download full textAnderson, Craig A.; And Others – 1981
Attribution theory suggests that attributional styles may contribute to the motivational and performance deficits frequently observed in depressed and lonely populations. An Attributional Style Assessment Test (ASAT) was created and administered to college students, along with the Beck Depression Inventory and the UCLA Loneliness Scale.…
Descriptors: Attribution Theory, Cognitive Style, Depression (Psychology), Environmental Influences
McLaughlin, Daniel R. – 1978
Divided into two sections, this document suggests a number of ways to work with power structures in developing a collaborative effort between business, education, labor, industry, and government. In section I, the author presents his own understanding of power (position power and individual power) and provides a theoretical framework for the…
Descriptors: Business, Community Involvement, Cooperative Planning, Guidelines
Leiter, Jeffrey – 1978
This study examined the relationships between various components of organizational control and individual teacher reports of autonomy. The effects of two types of control were examined: information-gathering structures (such as observation) and directive control structures (such as rules). The data for the study were drawn from a survey of 35…
Descriptors: Administrative Policy, Decision Making, Educational Research, Individual Power
Dowd, James J.; LaRossa, Ralph – 1978
Using a sample of 757 middle-aged and older residents of the Atlanta metropolitan region, the relationship between primary group contact and morale was investigated. With a control for sex and dependency, results indicated that: (1) interaction with children has a negative impact on the morale of dependent, older males; (2) visits with children…
Descriptors: Family Relationship, Gerontology, Group Dynamics, Individual Power
PDF pending restorationOlson, Mary; Bills, David – 1978
Although individuals aim their attempts to exert legitimate political influence at particular levels of government, the hierarchical organization of "political influence attempts" is an aspect of political participation which has not yet received systematic study. In order to examine the perceived political influence of rural people in a…
Descriptors: Adults, Evaluation Methods, Family Income, Females
Alkin, Marvin C. – 1978
A new role for evaluators is proposed, which reconstructs the evaluator into an information specialist who is part of a project team engaged in self evaluation. The evaluator's role has traditionally been complicated by disagreements about what is expected from the evaluator; by differing perceptions about the evaluator's power to effect change;…
Descriptors: Accountability, Educational Assessment, Evaluation, Evaluation Needs
Hoffman, Stephanie B. – 1979
Generational differences in the balance of power contribute to varying patterns of influence strategy use within cohorts of young, middle-aged, and older adults. The self-report Likelihood of Influence Tactic Use Scale was administered to 10 males and 10 females in each of three cohort groups to investigate the influence tactics used at different…
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Behavior Patterns, Cohort Analysis
WHITE, SHIRLEY A. – 1968
A STUDY WAS MADE IN NEBRASKA IN 1965 TO EXAMINE THE RELATIONSHIP OF FOUR INDEPENDENT VARIABLES--OPINION LEADERSHIP, INTEREST, GREGARIOUSNESS, AND SENSE OF POWERLESSNESS--TO THE EXTENT OF INFORMATION SEEKING AND THE RATIO OF INTERPERSONAL TO MEDIATED SOURCES, AND TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE FIRST FOUR AND THE LAST TWO…
Descriptors: Communication (Thought Transfer), Employed Women, Human Resources, Individual Power
Rohrlich, Beulah F. – 1980
A study of the use of "proteksia," a system of securing personal influence in Israel, is discussed in this article and is related to concepts of intercultural ethics. The information on the study is taken from an article "On Proteksia," by B. Danet and H. Hartman, focusing on "proteksia" as it relates to bureaucratic…
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Bureaucracy, Communication Research, Communication (Thought Transfer)
Rothblum, Esther D.; Green, Leon – 1980
Abramson, Seligman and Teasdale's reformulated model of learned helplessness hypothesized that an attribution of causality intervenes between the perception of noncontingency and the future expectation of future noncontingency. To test this model, relationships between attribution and performance under failure, success, and control conditions were…
Descriptors: Anxiety, Attribution Theory, Depression (Psychology), Expectation
Mitchell, Terence R.; Kalb, Laura S. – 1980
Past research has suggested that supervisors, when evaluating the poor performance of a subordinate, are influenced by the outcome of the performance. Nurses (N=55) in advanced training assumed the role of a supervisor of a nurse described as having performed poorly. Half of the subjects read an incident without an outcome and half read an…
Descriptors: Attribution Theory, Evaluation Criteria, Expectation, Feedback
Johnson, Melissa Ramirez; And Others – 1980
Fantasy may be effective in reducing anxiety in many healthy children and in children living with the long-term stress of chronic illness. Chronically ill (N=26) and healthy (N=26) children, ages five through nine, were randomly assigned to either fantasy facilitation or attention control conditions. Treatment conditions were carried out in the…
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Anxiety, Childhood Needs, Children
Levitz, Leonard S.; And Others – 1980
The behaviorally-based weight control program conducted by Levitz and Jordan at the University of Pennsylvania and the Institute for Behavioral Education is tailored to patient needs and includes stimulus control, cognitive restructuring, and nutrition education. The success of patients in maintaining the clinically meaningful weight losses…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Body Weight, Eating Habits, Followup Studies
Cohen, Ruth I. – 1980
Methods of helping students reduce test anxiety are discussed, including guided fantasy which leads students to imagine a setting in which they feel competent and relaxed. Catastrophic-anastrophic expectations teach that different expectations create different feelings and make students aware that they are in charge of their own attitudes. Anxiety…
Descriptors: Attitude Change, Change Strategies, Coping, Expectation
Patterson, Charlotte J.; Mischel, Walter – 1976
This study assesses the effects of three kinds of verbal plans, temptation-inhibiting plans, reward-oriented plans, and task-facilitating plans, on children's resistance to temptation. Each plan was studied in an elaborated and an unelaborated form. Subjects were 70 four-year olds, 35 boys and 35 girls. The major piece of apparatus employed was a…
Descriptors: Child Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Discipline, Individual Power
