The cell phone, now the most widely used medium in Asia, has major educational implications. Most users, however, do not realize the cell phone's potential for education, nor even for the communication functions for which it was originally designed. Most educators still see the computer and the cell phone as unrelated devices, and the tiny cell…

Cognitive effects of chess instruction on students at risk for academic failure was examined. Thirty-eight students, from three elementary schools, participated in this study. The experimental group received a ninety-minute chess lesson once per week over a three-month period; and the control group students regularly attended school activities…

This study investigates the level of students' learning when using e-lectures to increase the flexibility of the learning experience. Two cohorts of students were presented with the same material in lecture format. The control group attended a traditional live lecture, while the treatment group was offered an e-lecture with the same content. Both…

Purpose: This study tests the hypothesis that toddlers with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) will show differences from contrast groups in preferences for attending to speech. Method: This study examined auditory preferences in toddlers with ASD and matched groups of (a) typical age-mates, (b) age-mates with nonautistic developmental disabilities,…

Among the different types of experimental design are two general categories: true experimental designs and quasi- experimental designs. True experimental designs include more than one purposively created group, common measured outcomes, and random assignment. Quasi-experimental designs are commonly used when random assignment is not practical or…

The concept of control is fundamental to comparative research. In research designs where randomization of observational units is not possible, control has been exercised statistically from a single covariate by a process of residualization. The alternative, known as subclassification on the propensity score, was developed primarily for…

An analytical procedure that uses fall kindergarten assessment data to retroactively create equivalent comparison groups for longitudinal research and evaluation studies was designed and tested, and then analytically and empirically compared with random assignment to treatment. Students entering kindergarten in Hawaii are administered the Peabody…

A meta-analysis was conducted on 44 educational studies that used either a (labelled) Hawthorne control group, a manipulation of Hawthorne effects, or a group designed to control for the Hawthorne effect. The sample included published journal articles, ERIC documents or unpublished papers, and dissertations. The studies were coded on 20 variables,…

Various methods have been suggested for the analysis of data collected in research settings where random assignment of subjects to groups has not occurred. For the purposes of this paper the set of allowable nonrandomized designs is made up of those research designs where data are collected for one or more groups of subjects at two or more time…

A solution is proposed for analysis of variance procedures with missing cells, such as may occur when a control group is not assigned to any of the rows or columns of the various experimental groups. Mathematical models for two-way design are presented which define several variables; as well as row effect, column effect, and row and column…

THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO FIND THE BEST MEANS FOR FACILITATING THE ADJUSTMENT OF INDIANS AND NON-INDIANS IN THE PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS. TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION DIFFERENCES IN CULTURE, VALUE SYSTEMS, LANGUAGE, MOTIVATIONS, AND BEHAVIOR. A BASIC STATEMENT OF DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF CULTURAL DIFFERENCES WAS PREPARED FOR TEACHER USE…

THIS REPORT IS THE FOURTH PROGRESS REPORT OF A STUDY OF HOW A PUPIL'S ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IS AFFECTED BY PARTICIPATING IN A PRESCHOOL HEADSTART PROGRAM. THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE HEADSTART GROUP IS BEING COMPARED WITH THE ACHIEVEMENT OF PUPILS WHO RECEIVED NO PRESCHOOL PROGRAM. THE PRESCHOOL INVENTORY TEST WAS USED TO MEASURE PUPIL ACHIEVEMENT IN 5…

THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO COMPARE TWO TEACHING METHODS FOR DEVELOPING PRODUCTION TYPEWRITING ABILITY. THE TRADITIONAL, SPEED-EMPHASIS METHOD AND THE EXPERIMENTAL, PRODUCTION-EMPHASIS METHOD, WERE USED DURING 50-MINUTE PERIODS FOR 61 SESSIONS EACH SEMESTER WITH STUDENTS ENROLLED IN INTERMEDIATE TYPEWRITING AT INDIANA UNIVERSITY DURING…

THIS REPORT DESCRIBES A STUDY TO DETERMINE WHETHER PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION COULD BE USED TO IMPROVE THE TEACHING OF THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH GYNECOLOGIC NEOPLASMS TO JUNIOR MEDICAL STUDENTS. TWO PROGRAMED TEXTS WERE PREPARED--(1) A "CONTENT" TEXT, AN 830-FRAME LINEARLY PROGRAMED TEXT DESIGNED TO REPLACE CONVENTIONAL CLASSROOM…