To determine the effects of administrator expectation, school social class, and teacher experience on the quality of curricula developed by teachers at the local level in small planning groups, two levels of administrative expectation and two levels of school social class were simulated in a 2 x 2 design. Twenty-seven groups of three secondary…

The relationship between expectancy and performance in a self-paced computer-assisted instruction (CAI) program is explored in this study. The hypotheses developed were that the subjects with high expectancy would perform better and require less instruction, set higher performance criteria for themselves, and have higher expectancy on a transfer…

The specific research objective of this paper was to make racial comparisons on the consistency dimension of the projected frames of reference of adolescent males from the rural South. Data were obtained from a population of high school sophomores in 3 Texas and 2 Georgia counties. Complete data were available for 223 white and 192 Negro males.…

The purpose of this paper is to examine some factors which may have an effect on occupational choice and perceived goal-blockage of high school students in 2 selected geographical areas. The factors examined are residence, race, education, and self-concept. Group I consisted of 264 male and female black high school seniors in Louisiana. The rural…

This research tests the hypothesis that trust is a prerequisite for the exchange of information about needs and priorities in negotiation. Bargainers who do not trust one another will fail to exchange information because they fear exploitation. Aspiration level and trust were manipulated in a simulated bargaining task. Bargainers induced to trust…

This paper briefly reviews how subjects enhance performance by favoring some stimuli over others. The author calls the mechanism by which this is achieved "expectancy", a generic term including preparatory set, behavioral hypotheses, orienting reflex, and anticipatory goal responses. Temporal and event expectancy are contrasted. Verbal prediction…

Among the findings are that men fare better than women in fulfilling post college career expectations, that women are less likely to obtain field related work and more likely to say they have experienced work discrimination, and that women anticipate less earnings and earn less - the one area where expectations match the reality. (Author/AM)

Literature is reviewed related to the attitudes of educators toward handicapped children and the concept of mainstreaming these youngsters into regular class settings. Research is also reviewed that documents the relationship between teachers' attitudes toward individual pupils and the differential instructional treatment of children. (Author)

In a 4-year longitudinal study of 4,300 British elementary school children, teachers' expectations influenced children's achievement to an extent appreciably exceeding that to which children's performance impinged on teachers' attitudes. Teachers' evaluations of children's social performance affected later achievement to an extent exceeding that…

The present study investigated the relation between preferences and expectations about a university student counseling service in a population of 100 student nonclients. Results indicated that nonclients wanted the counselor to be significantly more active than they expected him to be. (Author)

Reform proposals for Japan's large higher education system include diminishing the trauma of university entrance examinations, strengthening the quality and diversity of undergraduate education, improving graduate school offerings, establishing a lifelong education system, and expanding the scope of international exchange programs. Politics are…

Explores forces of tradition and community and pressures to find work and succeed in "modern" world on lives of rural youth. Examines data on 46 youth (aged 17-24) from Sawyer, Maine. Suggests lessons for social service professionals as they help youth, their families, and their communities build constructive future lives. (NEC)

Female college students (N=81) were led to believe either that a counselor would or would not self-disclose, or were given no expectation regarding self-disclosure. Subjects then listened to audiotapes in which counselor did or did not reveal personal information. Results showed that disclosing counselor was viewed more favorably than…

To manage increased demands despite limited resources, schools need to invoke safeguards. They must clarify the scope of school involvements, demand adequate funding, reject accountability for the failure of other social institutions and structures (like the family), and use their considerable expertise to resolve the dropout problem. (MLH)

This study investigated effects of preperformance information on actual classroom teacher's expectations and attributions for a hypothetical male student. Teachers were found to have higher expectations for students with ascending performance patterns, and for students labeled learning disabled rather than mildly retarded. (Author/LMO)