The liberal arts college is felt to have made higher education impersonal, its organizational structure defeating the educational aims it purportedly serves. Higher education is seen as bureaucratization of the individual, with standardizing effects and narrowing of intellectual vision and social insight. (Article originally published in 1949.)…

Gerontological nursing (the care of the elderly) as a specialization for registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and nursing aides is discussed with respect to training and qualifications, employment outlook, and earnings for each group. (JT)

Survey responses from 59 social work graduate programs indicated that 37.21% offered certificates, 32.56% specialization, and 30.23% concentration in gerontology. Compared with 1980s surveys, the number of programs has declined. Number of courses, content, and internship hours vary widely across the three types. (Contains 21 references.) (SK)

Asserts that mandating specific teacher preparation programs may be necessary to ensure that teachers are adequately prepared for the unique challenges and rewards of teaching young adolescents, discussing: the desirability of teacher young adolescents, important elements of teacher preparation, the need for tighter licensure requirements, and the…

Responses from 138 college physical education department chairpersons were analyzed in this study which identifies contemporary and all-time notable physical educators to determine if the shift from a personalistic to a naturalistic professional evolution is pronounced. Findings support the contention that a trend towards specialization exists…

The University of Cincinnati's comprehensive emergency medicine residency curriculum provides significant practical training in ground and aeromedical transport, disaster work, telemetry communications, and administrative matters. Initial program feedback has been very positive. (MSE)

Discusses the trend of student athletes specializing in one high school sport: its effects, the influence of coaches, and what high schools can do to address the issue. (SR)

Barriers to achieving true scholarship in the school of pharmacy include the sacrifices necessary to accomplish scholarly activity, the trend toward specialization that makes traditional, broad-based scholarship difficult, the absence of theory in pharmaceutical practice, and the necessity of obtaining research funding. (MSE)

Discusses the problems encountered in developing and maintaining special classes and schools to provide intensive studies in particular areas. Discusses three principles governing the selection of students for special schools. Criticizes selection by a territorial principle. Suggests the third principle of admitting any student who wants to come…

This reprinted 1970 article looks at the role of the university or college administrator, compares it to corporate administration and specialization, notes the importance of risking failure, and stresses the importance of being able to motivate others. (DB)

This critique of the current educational system challenges educators to examine potentially dangerous educational practices that foster specialization while ignoring the need to develop critical thinking. Examples demonstrate that, without the ability to interpret the world critically, people are subject to political manipulation, a state…

Addresses the separation of human capital studies into distinct fields of education and health. The main difference between the fields may be the ability to measure objectively the value added of health care expenditures, in contrast to the earnings valuation of education. As a result, the two fields (and their literatures) separate theoretically…

Examined emergence of a writing system in 4- to 12- year-olds. Found transition occurring around age 6 in which production was more fluent for writing than drawing and activation of one system interfered with the other. Modeling consolidation of both phenomena generated testable parameters for development, involving increasing specialization and…

Provides an overview of marriage and family counseling, including the growth of interest in this specialty within the American Counseling Association (ACA). Discusses the evolution of marriage and family counseling within ACA, standards for training, credentialing, and unique ethical considerations when counseling couples and families. (Author)

Discusses the means of creating specialties by noncounseling professions, and examines the current status and proliferation of means for determining specializations in the counseling profession. Presents an argument, supported by research, to counter suggestions that specializations are necessary for counselor employment and competent practice…