Profiles the work of Dr. Caleb Williams Saleeby, a late 19th-century propagandist for eugenics. Eugenics is a science that deals with the transmission of hereditary racial traits, coupled with a desire to use this for the elimination of social ills. Discusses Saleeby's work with the Eugenics Education Society. (MJP)

Presents brief reviews, in roundtable discussion form, of seven professional books relating to the theme "being a progressive educator in conservative times" and spanning many topics encompassing how learning and different teaching styles and attitudes can influence what happens in and out of the classroom. (SR)

Argues that the claims made in defense of IQ tests as measures of innate intelligence are unreasonable and false. Attempts to establish what the views of the vanguard of IQ testers are, their origin, how IQ tests have been applied and what they consist of. Aims to show the incorrectness of those views, uses, and interpretations. (200 references)…

The Classroom Practices Survey, a national survey of nearly 4,000 third- and fourth-grade teachers, found little differentiation in teachers' instructional and curricular practices to meet the needs of gifted students. An individualized approach to staff development and encouragement of reflective teaching practices are urged. (DB)

A study of 522 university students identified variables related to library anxiety: use of computerized indexes and online facilities, gender, year of study, native language, frequency of library visits, number of library skills courses undertaken, and reasons for using the library. Recommends measures to reduce library anxiety. Includes a…

Reports on a study of adolescents that probes the relationship between the attitudes of grade 6 students toward their school subjects, adult occupations and their actual course of study five years later. Findings indicate there is almost no connection between these attitudes and their course of study in grade 11. Discusses other findings. (KW)

In relationships among attachment classification, psychopathology, and personality, traits were examined in a group of 60 psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents. Attachment was examined in 27 adolescent-mother pairs. Both adolescent and maternal attachment status were overwhelmingly insecure and were highly concordant. Results support a model of…

Possible reasons for the underparticipation of gifted girls in science fields are discussed in terms of: disparity in cognitive abilities, personality characteristics, attitudes toward science, differences between in-school and out-of-school learning experiences, gender differences in mathematics preparation, and socialization factors. Suggestions…

Analyzes the effects of human capital, institutional, and personal factors on earnings of library faculty with a master of library science degree employed by the University System of Georgia. Finds that earnings increase with experience, position, and higher academic rank; that gender discrimination is absent; and that intellectual contributions…

Considers the formal education of a group of Native American students who have not traditionally done well in school and suggests a cultural mismatch between the home culture of these students and the culture of the Western school. Findings indicate that culture influences discourse styles, expectations for classroom behavior, and classroom social…

Investigated Gilligan's hypothesis on the origin of moral orientation through analysis of sibling-conflict interactions in 40 dual-parent families with 2 children, ages 2 and 4. Found only partial support for hypothesis in that, regardless of the child's gender, mothers used significantly more care than justice orientation, whereas fathers used…

Uses base-year data from a nationally representative database (NELS:88) to identify important explanatory factors for gender differences in science performance. Documents a large advantage for boys on the subtest of physical science and a modest advantage for girls in life science. Concludes that laboratory experiences are beneficial for girls'…

Reviews an action research project undertaken by an EFL teacher with her Japanese students in a residential course in England. The study consisted of teacher-student interviews on differences between the British and Japanese ways of life. The article discusses the Japanese notion of "amae" and presents pedagogical implications for…

Samples of freshmen from an open, distance-learning university (n=34) and a traditional university (n=20) were interviewed about their cognitive strategies, regulation of learning, mental models of learning, affective processes concerning learning, learning orientations, and perceptions of effectiveness of instructional approaches. Four…

A study of five adult males with autism investigated which combination of input/output modalities (typed or spoken) enhanced the syntactic, semantic, and/or pragmatic performance of individuals with autism when engaging in conversations with a normal language adult. Results found that typed communications facilitated the use of longer utterances.…