Examines problems in the use of the term "community," including: (1) vague descriptions of community, without rules or boundaries; (2) its foreignness to students, raising questions about why students should learn it; and (3) its tendency to polarize writing theorists into community and individual camps. (JAD)

Examines the effects of systematic use of computers for the management of mathematics instruction upon mathematics performance in the elementary school. A model system for using computers to manage instruction within a student-paced, mastery-learning format is described, and treatments for the experimental and control groups are explained.…

Describes study conducted in England, Scotland, and Wales based on a national sample of 11-year-olds that investigated the relationship between large verbal and non-verbal differences in ability and underachievement in mathematics and reading. Sex differences are also examined and further research needs are suggested. (14 references) (LRW)

A discussion of the Italian system for vocational and technical education covers the educational alternatives available to students, on-the-job and continuing education, enrollment rates and trends, educational attainment levels of workers in different age groups, and training content. Current concerns are outlined. (MSE)

In order to determine how situational variables influence students when they evaluate an instructor, the individual student as the unit of analysis was used. Interactions between three variables related to class (type, level, and size) and three related to instructor (reputation, rank, and sex) were examined. (Author/MLW)

Examined perceptions of Asian, Black, Hispanic, and Native American counseling and clinical supervisees (N=225) to study quality of cross-cultural individual therapist supervision. Identified five nonorthogonal dimensions (supervisor's liking, emotional discomfort, conditional interest, conditional liking, unconditional liking). Found combination…

Describes a study that examined the effect of family socioeconomic status (SES) and parental sex stereotypes and behaviors on high school students' attitudes toward computers. Highlights include gender differences in student attitudes; the effect of parental encouragement; and the effect of SES on parents' beliefs and behavior. (68 references)…

Reviews the research presented in this issue and its implications for classroom practice. The topics include sex-role stereotyping and cultural diversity in award-winning picture books for children; children's storytelling; parent involvement and quality of day care; cultural-familial predictors of children's metacognitive and academic…

Reports results of three gender expectations questions added to the Monitoring the Future Project questionnaires of 1977, 1983, and 1989, which were administered to high school seniors nationally. Findings from white rural teens indicate that their gender role expectations were changing but lagged behind social and economic realities. Males held…

Reports on the Third International Social Studies Conference held in Nairobi, Kenya, in 1994. Focuses on the need for an international thrust on environmental education. Discusses efforts by seven African nations to develop a common basic social studies text on curriculum and methods. (CFR)

To explain the concept of literacy, the Integrative Systems Model of Literacy is developed, illustrating how understanding literacy has direct applications to both instruction and research. The model's utility in reconciling opposing concepts of literacy is shown, presenting practical suggestions for literacy instruction which minimize social,…

Those who indiscriminately advise all teens to pursue baccalaureate degrees mistakenly assume that most high school graduates are ready for college-level work, will graduate, will find better jobs, and won't be harmed if they fail. Postsecondary education at the certificate or associate's degree level can lead to rewarding, high-wage occupations…

Discusses how cultural differences contribute to overrepresentation of African Americans in special education, examining European American cultural expectations that clash with those of African Americans. Factors contributing to overrepresentation include cultural discontinuity and prejudicial practices among African American students and European…

Currently, 5-to 10% of beginning students do not speak English. It is time to end the bilingual education versus English-only debate and explore how improved instructional strategies can improve either approach. Promising strategies include instructional time extension, cooperative learning, peer tutoring, and California's newcomer programs. The…

Discusses the merit in having every English-as-a-Second-Language learner speak during every session to practice English as opposed to the value of allowing a period of silence until the student is ready to speak. It is crucial to provide a stimulus for meaningful interaction and to follow up with opportunities for each learner to use an individual…