A detailed description is provided of the variable individualization of instructional decisions (IDM), which is part of the analysis in phase I of the Evaluation of Practices in Individualized Schooling. The variable is defined; the questionnaires on which the variable is based are listed; the procedures used to scale the variable are explained;…

Based on 1975 interviews with British education officials, parents and teachers of disadvantaged children, it can be asserted that these groups have very different concepts and expectations of the educational system. Minority parents have a high opinion of the schools their children attend and of the teachers who work there. However, many minority…

Data from the National Longitudinal Study (NLS) of the high school class of 1972 (statistics on a national sample of young adults as they moved out of high school into early adulthood) were used to test rural young adults' sex role orientation and the rural-urban differential in sex role orientation. NLS data were collected for the base year…

The study for 1979-80 identified 8,414 or 9.20% of the statewide enrollment of 91,438 for grades 9-12, as school dropouts, using surveys tallying all dropouts and enrollment by grade, sex, ethnicity, school, district, and possible reasons for leaving school, from 144 schools in 86 districts. The lowest rate was for grade 9, the highest for grade…

Recently there has been an increase in the enrollment of older students in post-secondary institutions. Among these students is a group of delayed entrants who have not gone directly from high school to the university. Motivation seems to be an important factor in the decision to return to school and to subsequent success. Personal interviews…

Although teachers may sequence instructions carefully, they are unable to respond to the complex unique experience of each individual learner. Divergent production should be an instructional choice that enables individuals to learn through their own recall and idea construction. Learning is problem solving; when individuals do not know how to deal…

The purpose of this research is to investigate empirically the determinants of children's health with particular reference to home and local environmental variables such as family income, parents' schooling, preventive medical care, and health manpower availability. Wherever possible, children's health is studied in the context of the…

A survey directed to all teachers who graduated with a Diploma of Teaching from Nedlands College of Advanced Education (Western Australia) in 1976-1977 and who had completed at least one year of teaching incorporated four basic aims: (1) to ascertain the number of teachers who had students with different cultural backgrounds; (2) to identify the…

A 1979 study of the perceived impact of career guidance and counseling services provided to students at the junior high school level in three urban school divisions was replicated in 1980. Students (N=430)from 6 urban and rural schools completed questionnaires designed to explore student perceptions and attitudes concerning various aspects of…

A study was conducted to ascertain the continuing education needs of men and women leisure service professionals in Wisconsin and to identify differences caused by gender. (Leisure service professionals were defined as persons employed full-time in administering, directing, leading, organizing, and planning in leisure service organizations.) A…

School psychologists who work in rural areas face difficult problems because of the setting in which they practice. Traditional models for delivering psychological services in urban and suburban schools are not typically generalizable to rural service delivery. Rural school districts tend to be closed and rigid, reflecting the nature of the…

A 3-day outdoor adventure training program for an experimental group of Resident Assistants (RAs) at Pennsylvania State University was implemented to determine the effects of such a program on group cohesiveness and self-confidence. There were 60 subjects in the control group and 55 in the experimental group; 59% of the control group were male and…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of selected science experiences on fourth-grade students' concepts of Piagetian physical causality, namely, animism and dynamism. Vocabulary ability and Piagetian developmental stages were assessed by the "Concept Assessment Kit Conservation" and "Metropolitan Achievement…

In climbing an organizational ladder dominated by males, the professional woman encounters obstacles to the more traditional feminine behaviors and mannerisms to which she may be accustomed. These obstacles may erode her sense of identity, creating difficulties both inside and outside of her work environment. Traditional distinctions between…

Language skill attrition refers to the loss of any language or portion of a language whether it be the declining use of mother tongue skills, the replacement of one language by another in language contact situations, the deterioration of language in the neurologically impaired or elderly, or the death of whole languages. In this paper, language…