Two major strategies for linguistically encoding an idea or proposition are suggested. The first strategy involves encoding an idea in the space of a single utterance, while the second strategy conveys the proposition through a sequence of two or more utterances. The tendency has been to focus on discourse as a composite of sentences (the first…

This paper reports on a longitudinal study of the acquisition of the voicing contrast in American-English work-initial stop consonants, as revealed through instrumental analysis of voice onset time characteristics. Four monolingual children were recorded at approximately two week intervals, beginning when the children were about 1;6. Data provide…

The acquisition of rules for formulating causative verbs was studied with children over a period of a few years. Most of the data is based on the spontaneous speech of the author's two daughters, from age 2;6 to 6;2 and from age 2;4 to 3;11. It was hypothesized that there are at least two prerequisites for the child's formulation of a general rule…

Strategies for the development of comprehension during the beginning reading stages are discussed in this paper. Among the topics dealt with are relationships between developmental stages of speech production and reading comprehension; ways of creating a reading climate that promotes experiences with literature; specific techniques for using…

This paper examines issues related to the role of preschool education in Norway. Two dominant philosophies of preschool education are identified, the first emphasizing the importance of play opportunities and the social environment of the preschool, and the second focusing on the importance of adequate pedagogical programs for optimum cognitive…

To determine if children could discriminate among the 24 ways in which words possess meaning (logico-semantic relationships) defined by Evanechko and to see if this ability changed over time, 570 fifth, eighth, and eleventh graders were presented the task of sorting decks of cards containing examples of the 24 categories. Although it was not…

Designed to develop, over a 5-year period, a model K-6 bilingual program, the project provided early childhood bilingual education intervention to facilitate the learning of English and Spanish simultaneously in an effort to effectively develop the child's cognitive, affective and psychomotor skills. Innovative and tested instructional…

The articles in this collection approach the question of what is fundamental in reading in a variety of ways. The topics covered in the 30 articles include the following: teaching and learning, structural imagination and professional staff development, Zen and the art of reading, learning and learning disabilities, Piaget and Hamlet, the political…

Cross-sectional and longitudinal acquisition data for English, German, Italian, and Turkish children ranging in age from approximately 1 to 4 provide a preliminary answer to the question of whether there is a consistent interlanguage order of development of notions of conjunction. It was found that children first conjoin sentences by simple…

This study is an examination of the interactional language of a teacher from United States mainstream culture and three male students, one each from Appalachian culture, black inner-city culture, and mainstream culture, during first grade literacy instruction. In this cultures-in-contact situation provided in an urban school in the northeastern…

The seven articles in this journal issue deal with various aspects of reading instruction. The articles discuss the following topics: (1) results of a study conducted to gain information helpful to reading specialists and school administrators in implementing new Wisconsin state reading requirements; (2) the use of creative, reading-based language…

This review of research with children aged two to six on their reading, writing, and oral language development speaks of five roots of a tree of literate life that require nourishment in the soil of a written language environment. The roots discussed are the development of print awareness in situational contexts, the development of print awareness…

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A CHILD'S SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS AND HIS DEVELOPMENT WAS STUDIED. A MAIN AREA OF CONCERN WAS CULTURAL DISADVANTAGE AMONG CHILDREN FROM LOWER SOCIOECONOMIC BACKGROUNDS. THESE CHILDREN NOT ONLY FELL BEHIND IN BASIC SCHOLASTIC GROWTH, BUT ALSO RESPONDED MINIMALLY TO THE FUNCTION OF THE SCHOOL. THE BASIC PHILOSPHY OF THE…

THIS PROGRAM INCORPORATES THE TRAINING NEEDS OF THE SEVERELY RETARDED CHILD IN A LOGICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL SEQUENCE TO PROVIDE THE CHILD WITH THE OPPORTUNITY TO GROW PHYSICALLY, EMOTIONALLY, INTELLECTUALLY, AND SPIRITUALLY IN ORDER THAT ADEQUATE SELF-CARE, SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT, GOOD PLANNING OF LEISURE TIME, AND SATISFYING USEFULNESS MAY BE REALIZED FOR…

A descriptive, developmental study of children's imitation of interrogative sentences was conducted among 16 preschool and 15 kindergarten children acquiring English as either a native or a second language. A program of language activities based on four American folk rhymes (three in the form of a rhythmic dialogue and the fourth an antiphonal…