Brief descriptions of the historical and cultural background of the Bannock, Cayuse, Coeur d'Alene, Kutenia, Kalispel, Palouse, Umatilla, Walla Walla, Yakima, Spokane, Klamath, Sanpoil, Nespelem, Colville, Quinault, Quileute, Makahs, Klallam, Lummi, Cowlit, Puyallup, Nisqually, and Nez Perce Indian tribes of the Northwestern United States are…

The creation of a classroom that is more receptive to individual and cultural differences and the inclusion of the intangible elements of culture in the total instructional plan will increase the effectiveness of the educational process in bilingual-bicultural programs. In planning a cultural component for the bilingual-bicultural classroom, the…

Similarities among ethnolinguistic groups are greater than differences. It is the belief in the influence of culture and language on basic structures of thought and personality that divides groups, not the structures themselves. However, linguistic differences among ethnic groups are real. The linguistic distinctiveness of a particular ethnic…

The purpose of this manual is to provide a course development method that deals with all aspects of intercultural communication, not just the linguistic aspect. The first chapter orients the reader to the approach of the manual. Chapters 2 and 3 provide specific steps that guide the developer through all stages of course development. Chapter 4…

The values and norms of Western law are not universally accepted as basic values and norms in other cultures. Therefore, the contractual processes of Western law should not be considered the basic foundation for all foreign policy negotiations. In Western cultures, principles of law are differentiated from other values based on religion, ethics,…

Curriculum as a field of study emerged in an intellectual climate in which the idea of social control was dominant. The intent of this paper is to look historically at the integration of the idea of social control into curriculum discourse, to indicate its dominant position as the underlying assumption of most early curriculum work, and to suggest…

Investigating the background of Mexican American identify, the document determined that this identity is a dynamic image emerging from a continuous process of human development in which the genetic and cultural variations from European and indigenous peoples are combined within a complex historical situation. The combination includes: (1) the…

Recent research on the effectiveness of educational television (ETV) with adults in culturally different poverty groups suggests, first of all, that ETV for these groups must be combined with techniques (like listening groups) using volunteer teachers, and that such planning requires close cooperation between adult educators and media specialists.…

This compilation lists more than 900 references to books, journals, and manuscripts which focus on the lives of the inhabitants of the western and southwestern area of the United States of America. Bibliographical data, including sources, are provided. The documents are largely written in the twentieth century. (RL)

In learning a second language, the student should not only learn the native speaker's patterns of phonology, morphology, and syntax; but he should also internalize the native speaker's collective view of the universe and the appropriate related behavior patterns, both linguistic and nonlinguistic. Languages divide reality into different…

Results of several studies of cognitive and cultural correlates and determinants of early IE development are discussed, and some implications of the findings are pointed out. In studies of correlations between IE and intelligence test scores, results show that the scores increase regularly with age, from age 4 through 8, and there are fairly…

This study surveyed equal groups of American, French Canadian, and English-Canadian high school students to learn what sources they used in formulating views on national and international issues. A total of 600 eleventh grade history students was surveyed. Results showed that mass media was the primary source used by all groups: in particular…

A technique for detecting and studying item (or test) x group interactions independent of differences in level or dispersion of the groups is described. It involves construction of a scatter plot with two groups represented, one on each axis. Each point in the scatter plot represents the coordinates of a measure of a characteristic for one group…

Anthropology can make two major and complimentary contributions to the process of education: 1) provide basic concepts and methods which are uniquely able to help public school students understand the specialized, abstract, complex nature of their urban environment; and 2) apply concepts and methods through research in schools to identify and…

By concentrating on individuals' general approaches toward education, their attitudes concerning different aspects of education, and their motivation for education, we have constructed an "index of educational values." This index appeared to reflect very differently individuals' educational orientations as compared, simply, to the level…