Uses data from 20 case studies of Black adult female children of alcoholic parents to discuss Family Hero role often assumed by oldest or only female child in Black alcoholism families. Explains how female-dominated survival role of Family Hero in Black families is significantly more related to racial and cultural factors than numbers alone may…

Three conditions distinguish school administrators' work from that of nonschool colleagues: schools' uniquely moral character; a highly educated, autonomous, and permanent workforce; and regular, predictable threats to organizational stability. This environment demands that school administrators rely more excessively on leadership than routine…

The president of the State University of New York at Binghamton sees intellectual leadership as the first responsibility of any university president. She urges presidents to consider their institution's place and time in the culture and their own personal history in determining the intellectual agenda and developing vision and creativity. (DB)

This article identifies key issues in gender communication including gender as a primary social category; how to best understand gender; the role of gender stereotypes in communication; and socially created gender differences. Ethnographic research methods are seen to be particularly appropriate for investigating gender communication. (DB)

Examined single mothers' well-being and perceptions of their preschoolers' behavior. Findings from 76 single, employed mothers indicated that variables reflecting interface between work and family roles were important for well-being and perceptions of children's behavior. Depression appeared allied with stability and resources in mothers' lives;…

Shows that role appropriation to the transition to parenthood is a three-part, overlapping process: expectations regarding roles, enactment of those roles, and negotiations about the roles. Shows that central dilemmas involve the accuracy/inaccuracy of role expectations, other's facilitation/inhibition of self's role enactment, and…

Presents examples of four board-superintendent relationships that have survived dynamic changes in school districts and communities. Key to success lies not in survival checklists but in basic principles of educational and democratic theory: rigorous search for truth, genuine understanding, mutual respect for divergent views, sincere commitment to…

A survey of department chairs at colleges and universities investigated the administrators' perceptions of the importance of 26 administrative duties. Results reveal patterns in perceived importance of functions and perceptions of effectiveness in achieving them. Factors of hiring, discipline, gender, or orientation (manager, leader, developer,…

This reprinted 1971 article reports on analysis of a 1968 survey of 221 research administrators in terms of organizational affiliation, duties and responsibilities, titles, and educational background. The paper argues that administration is like the doughnut hole, but research is the doughnut, and points out that research as an activity needs to…

Teachers must cultivate students' attention by offering the material in an interesting and captivating way. This article presents ways to "come alive" in front of a classroom, to know one's lines and vary them amusingly. Dramatizing techniques include animation (through body language and voice), space utilization, self-disclosure, humor,…

According to a study of 20 outstanding principals, administrators valued as instructional leaders value their role as staff developers, view their key function as facilitator, and are driven by a clear vision for the school. These principals view themselves as role models for continual growth, are self-assured, and open to change. (eight…

Examined spousal division of work inside and outside family home in couples (N=43) and cognitions men attach to their work and family roles. Found men's provider-role attitudes were related to their family work involvement. Found congruence of role beliefs and role behavior within home related to higher levels of marital satisfaction for men.…

Notes that mediation as problem-solving intervention in social work became widely used in child custody and divorce cases, child-parent conflicts, and family disputes. Argues that mediator role is inherent in social work, and examines context for and assumptions underlying it. Discusses nature of conflicts, issue of neutrality within social work…

Examined principals' (n=32) and special education teachers' (n=98) perceptions of actual and ideal performance of school social work tasks. Those services seen as provided most frequently were directed toward individuals. Although they wanted those individual services to continue, respondents also wanted more group work services. Study contained…

Sees many adult children of alcoholics identifying themselves in hero role, making it useful tool for uncovering negative behaviors and starting to work toward change. Describes alcoholic home and hero roles of overachiever, controller, and perfectionist. Considers usefulness of individual counseling, group therapy, family therapy, and play…