The current paper summarizes the problem of K-12 students' comprehension of text. In an effort to improve reader understanding the publishing industry has adopted numerous research-based recommendations to facilitate learning by including visual elements that supplement text: graphic organizers; pictures; graphics; and digital audio and video…

To adult readers directional movement seems natural, because adults have mastered this aspect of the reading process, and it is quite automatic. For some children, directional behavior can be very complex. Such was the case for one bright little boy ("Chance") the author/educator served in Reading Recovery. This article tells the story…

While many elements like character decoding, word recognition, comprehension, and others remain the same as in learning from traditional text, when learning from hypertext, a number of features that are unique to reading hypertext produce added complexity. It is these features that drive research on hypertext in education. There is a greater…

The idea of experience needs to be examined before the experiential aspect of literary reading can be understood, and before literary reading as an ethical practice can properly be defined. Open-mindedness is necessary when fostering student interpretations of a literary text, just as it is necessary for accepting the varying life experiences of…

This pamphlet presents a position statement by the National Council of Teachers of English on reading, suggesting that reading is a complex act of constructing meaning from print. It argues that during interactions with other readers, people learn to read critically, to question what they read, and to respond in a certain way. To make sure that…

Offers suggestions to students for developing realistic approaches or attitudes to reading, thus making reading more meaningful. (TO)

Explores factors that influence readability and a reader's ability to process information. (TO)

Through reading guidance, teachers can provide a reading experience that is fun for the students. (MM)

Argues that the ability to formulate mental images is an important but often neglected aspect of the reading process. (RB)

In three experiments, a procedure was developed to examine the influence of the unattended line on memory for the words in attended lines in selective reading. (Author/KM)

Two roles for phonological recoding, as a back-up mechanism used when visual word identification fails and as a self-teaching mechanism for visual word identification, are examined in view of research findings on development of reading comprehension and on the relationship of reading disabilities and phonological processing deficits. Teaching…

Four experiments examined the "distinctiveness of encoding" hypothesis with respect to recall of text materials. Specifically, they investigated: (1) recall of distinctively versus nondistinctively encoded material; (2) readers' interactions with the semantic base of the text; (3) encoding and recall of semantic content; and (4) the role…

Describes research on reading achievements of children who have not begun formal reading instruction. Indicates that children employ meaning, decoding, and memory as principal strategies for an effective approach to reading instruction. (Author/MJL)