Data from the European Union's Labour Force Survey show how training opportunities decline with age and are lower for low-skilled/unskilled workers and unemployed persons. Continuing training is more common among workers in higher-level jobs and nearly twice as common in service as in industrial occupations. (SK)

Discusses ways cultural and historical events have changed concepts and practices of preparation for employment in Russian schools over the last 30 years. Three generations of teachers represent three different pedagogic identities formed in different times but mixed in the same pedagogical context of the same school. Raises questions about…

A British university's hospitality education program matched students with industry mentors. For students, mentoring helped contextualize learning and contributed to personal development. Mentors gained personal satisfaction, and employers were able to hire vocationally aware graduates. (Contains 43 references.) (SK)

Temporary Assistance to Needy Families offers welfare recipients a second chance for success. How good that chance will be depends on the next version of the legislation. If its work requirements do not allow for sufficient training, achieving success may be more difficult. (Author/JOW)

Compares the Scottish National Certificate modular approach and the German dual system of vocational training. Presents examples from each country of approaches that incorporate elements of the opposite model. (Contains 25 references.) (SK)

Reviews the policy context of work experience in Spain. Presents case studies of two innovative work-based learning experiences that illustrate the conditions necessary for successful learning. Supports the importance of integrating work experience into training. (Contains 58 references.) (SK)

Describes and discusses results of a survey of members of the American Society for Training and Development (ASTD) that was conducted to determine how employees learn informally when neither on-the-job or off-the-job training is provided. Implications for performance technologists are considered, and future issues for investigation are suggested.…

Presents Comprehensive Employment Preparation program, an intervention designed to help youth and young adults with developmental disabilities acquire skills necessary to prepare them for effective functioning as self-sustaining, working members of society. Delineates such community-based strategies as vocational enrichment programs; pursuing,…

Problems with vocational education and training in developing countries include insufficient resources and lack of workplace experience. The German dual vocational training system is being promoted as a potential solution. (SK)

From 1983-91, proportions of workers who received training to improve skills jumped from 35-41 percent, attributable largely to company programs. Those who trained to qualify for jobs increased from 55-57 percent. Numbers of African Americans and Hispanics who needed training to qualify were 10 percent below those of other groups. (SK)

Results of a survey of training in Australia indicate that a large majority of the Australian work force (79 percent) undertook some form of job-related training in 1989, mostly informal on-the-job training. Amount varied by type of company, gender, place of birth, and educational attainment. (JOW)

Focuses on the effects of Europe 1992 on the vocational training of workers, youth, and the unemployed within the European Community, with particular emphasis on the lessons the United States might learn. (Author)

Describes the provisions of the Re-employment Act of 1994 and looks at why it has not passed in Congress. Reasons include an objection to a temporary unemployment payroll tax becoming permanent and the lack of consolidation of current programs. (JOW)

Subsidized employment had substantial and long-lived effects on earnings and welfare benefits in a study of more than 9,000 welfare recipients 3 years after program entry. Although not always cost effective for taxpayers, subsidized employment had positive net benefits for participants and society. (SK)

Although the German dual system is frequently touted as a model, it has disadvantages. Much of the cost fall on trainees, it takes a long time to achieve adult status and pay, and young workers are given few responsibilities. It is not recommended for adaptation in Britain. (SK)