Students must develop self-monitoring abilities if they are to successfully transfer knowledge and strategies they are taught to their own reading. But first, teachers must know just what this knowledge and these strategies are and how they can be presented to students. Akin to model building, reading comprehension involves a variety of behaviors…

This report summarizes and compares four studies of reader response reported between 1975 and 1978. The studies include (1) "Five Readers Reading," by Norman Holland; (2) "Individual and Group Responses of Fourteen- and Fifteen-Year Olds," by Anthony Petrosky; (3) "Describing Responses to Works of Fiction," by Lee…

The two terms reading problems and learning disabilities are not synonymous. Nevertheless, an increasing number of children who have reading problems are being labeled as learning disabled. Given the growing numbers of children failing to become competent readers, the fact that more and more of these children are being identified and treated as…

As individuals read, they construct meaning at various levels, including literal, interpretive, and critical. One part of this comprehension act is creative reading, which may be promoted by self-questioning so that students become personally involved in the material they read. To guide students' self-questioning strategies, teachers can both pose…

Retrospective Miscue Analysis (RMA) is a curriculum tool for use in the preservice preparation of reading teachers. The questioning procedure in RMA is designed to encourage consideration of reading as a meaning-getting process rather than as a process of seeking accuracy or perfection. The technique, which involves the teachers in analyzing a…

Two studies were conducted to compare subjects' performance reading texts displayed on a computer terminal screen and on paper. In the first study, 10 graduate students read a 1,000-word article on knee injuries from "Science 83" magazine and were tested for recall of information on eight items. While subjects in the control condition…

Because of the limitations of two recent major reviews of the research on studying another review of the literature was conducted. Articles chosen for this review supplied adequate information about levels of processing and encoding specificity, investigated the effects of student-generated as opposed to teacher-provided study aids on…

A study was conducted to test the findings of two earlier studies (Peeck l974 and Pressley l983) on the effects of occasional mismatches between verbal and pictorial content in children's retention of illustrated prose. While the Peeck study indicated a considerable impact of mismatched pictures, the Pressley study indicated that with some…

The rich oral language experiences given children in Russian preschools and primary schools accounts for their subsequent success in reading. (JH)

This paper presents an extensive, critical review of Eleanor Gibson and Harry Levin's "The Psychology of Reading." Treating the book as an attempt at comprehensive integration of the literature on the reading process, the reviewers look for a theoretical account that will bind findings together, for a critical examination of the research…

This paper develops the thesis that the knowledge a person possesses has a potent influence on what he or she will learn and remember from exposure to discourse. After outlining some assumptions about the characteristics of the structures (schemata) in which existing knowledge is packaged, a theory of the processes involved in assimilating the…

The model of sentence perception proposed by Fodor, Bever and Garrett (1974) emphasizes the importance of grammatical cues signalling clause boundaries, and suggests that segmentation of a sentence into clauses precedes computation of the internal structure of those clauses. However, this model has nothing to say about the many sentences in which…

A cognitive approach to the interrelation of writing and reading assumes that production and comprehension of written text depend upon cognitive and affective schemata used in concert by a writer or reader to produce or encode, store, and retrieve text information. Both comprehending and composing are basic, complex, interactive processes with…

Addressing the wave of public criticism of the English curriculum, the six articles in this book cite "basics" that are far different from those of the current "back to basics" movement. The first article surveys the nature of the curriculum attacks and suggests why English teachers may be more vulnerable to public criticism…

Intended for current or prospective teachers of illiterate adults, this book highlights both some motivational and environmental factors that may particularly affect the classroom performance of adult remedial readers and the areas where the backgrounds, experiences, and expectations of teachers and learners are apt to differ. Following an…