Studies determinants of physician use by low-income children identified through the National Household Survey component of the National Medical Care Utilization and Expenditure Survey. Finds that Medicaid coverage increases access to office-based physicians within the low-income population. Presents health cost and policy implications. (MW)

Compared control group and two career interventions designed to enhance career maturity of Puerto Rican women in special college admissions program. Found no significant differences between two experimental treatments in terms of career maturity or locus of control. Findings suggest such interventions can facilitate positive changes in career…

Studied American College Test (ACT) scores, sex, race, financial aid, and attrition/persistence as predictors of grades for college freshmen (N=208). Found for grade average predictions with attrition/persistence excluded, ACT or race was the first variable. Other stepwise predictors were generally not viable. (Author/ABL)

Presents strategies for working with homeless students. Teachers must recognize the power of school, focus on family needs, provide academic aid, suggest help for the parents, and marshall all available forces. Teachers must also begin with each child's basic needs (food and clothing), enhance social skills, then work on attendance. (SM)

Debunks two myths: the United States spends more on its schools than other nations; and money makes no difference in student achievement. The United States provides more school services than other countries do. Research shows a strong expenditure/academic-achievement correlation. Test scores rise when districts use money to reduce class size and…

Illustrates, through text and graphs, that many striking variations are submerged beneath overall figures of poverty rates. The substantial differences in poverty rate according to race and ethnicity are, in large part, the consequences of major differences in family types and work situations. (SLD)

Traced the effects of economic pressure to emotional distress and parenting behaviors of African American and European American parents (n=429 families). Both low income and unstable work/income enhance the risk of emotional distress and beliefs of parental ineffectiveness. Among black families, single-parent households and conflicted marriages…

Addresses out-migration from and in-migration to metropolitan areas in the United States and particularly the effect of the social-welfare system on migration decisions. The results provide only weak support for the hypothesis that social-welfare benefits influence out-migration decisions but moderate support for its influence on in-migration.…

Discusses why U.S. cities are imperiled, and suggests reasons for this dilemma. The author lists the motives for turning attention toward the problems of the modern city and the factors that have contributed to the present theory: current urban problems stem from policies generated in the 1960s and 1970s. Suggestions for reversing this trend are…

Reviews the changing nature of the Puerto Rican community in New York City. The article examines the internal changes in the community, such as family structure and economic status, which have created two separate Puerto Rican groups: (1) two-parent families who are well-educated and economically well-off; and (2) single-parent, meagerly educated…

Describes one New York City teacher's project to establish a book store in school offering quality, low cost titles to children. Covers the funding process, physical set-up, parent involvement, staffing with student workers, stocking the store, hours of operation, and positive student and parent response. (JB)

Presents the opinions of nine professionals serving the justice system on the issue of providing representation in criminal and civil cases for those unable to pay for lawyers. Includes questions about the obligations of lawyers to provide counsel and the differences between legal representation in civil and criminal cases. (CFR)

Discusses educational reform at three New England elementary schools. It examines one school's exploration of new organization and leadership ideas, another school's efforts to improve the educational quality of ethnic and minority students, and another's increase in parental involvement by means of a family center. (GLR)

Examines rap music's origins as street music and poetry in the early 1970s and as an expression of Black youth experience. Discusses rap groups, women and Whites in rap, Christian rap, copyright disputes, and distribution difficulties. Rap is an informal educational medium that affects adolescents' values and attitudes. (JB)

Describes three specific programs developed in Sri Lanka to provide library services to urban and rural poor people. Providing reading material to children to help raise literacy levels is emphasized, resources required for these extension services are examined, and the responsibility for the administration of the projects is considered. (LRW)