This study examines how schools are organized as social systems and applies concepts and methods used by anthropologists in actual field settings in education. The five objectives established in the study are: (1) develop in-depth ethnographic records of high schools as social systems; (2) diagram the web of networks that make up the social…

An experimental treatment approach to teaching alcoholics controlled drinking utilizing a multi-modal treatment approach is presented. This approach included aversion conditioning contingent upon emission of such undesirable drinking behaviors as gulping, drinking straight drinks, Blood Alcohol Level of 0.065 or greater, and time between drinks.…

Seven studies of the usefulness of 45 phonic generalizations were selected for comparison on the basis of similarity in research design. Combining the results into a single summary table, 25 of the 45 generalizations were found to be useful. The authors suggest that, where possible, these generalizations should be consolidated to simplify the…

Discusses the problem of choosing the proper unit (e.g., class or individual student) for the statistical analysis of educational research. Describes a study that was statistically analyzed eight different ways and discusses the various results and implications. Suggests that the problem of selecting the proper experimental unit may be less…

The properties of four different tests of the treatment effect in experiments using linguistic materials are examined. (Author/RM)

Describes "Instant Experience," a simulation and game method in which students are given information about a promising new drug and asked to design a protocol for a clinical trial of the drug. Evaluation of a trial workshop showed positive response to the method. Educational goals to be achieved through its use are noted. (JT)

The entire paper can be summarized by considering the presentation of a stimulus which acts by restricting the set of possible words to a defined short list and the resulting human choice that makes use of information from the stimulus to favor one of the words in the list rather than others. (Author/RK)

The five types of reasons researchers gave for or against choosing a particular sex for research subjects were: (1) subject availability; (2) presumed subject trait, characteristic, or response; (3) a favorable experimental condition; (4) wish to limit subject by experimenter interaction; (5) desire for comparability with previous research.…

In this paper, problems with testing as a method of educational evaluation are discussed and suggestions are made to schools with respect to strategies for more effective evaluation procedures. Various evaluation processes, their uses, and their limitations, are described. (WI)

This report provides information concerning alternative research methodologies and encourages the profession to engage in procedures which have greater benefit for the practice of counseling psychology than the traditional group experimental design. It urges interested members to gain further knowledge and provide suggestions for developing…

The seven subject matter reports of the IEA constitute a good example of a large scale international study that incorporates the three elements of comparison, cooperation and universality. Thus, a comparative study was performed through international cooperation and it yielded results of universal validity. (Editor)

It is concluded, on the basis of this study, that respondents who are poor and/or of racial or ethnic minority backgrounds require unconventional rules of survey procedure. (Author/AM)

Three tentative conclusions emerge from this study: (1) interviewer effect operates only when questions treat opinions and attitudes, (2) black respondents are more likely to identify "racially sensitive" problems as areas of high concern when speaking to black interviewers, and (3) militant blacks appear uninfluenced by the white…

It is possible to devise ingenious means for adapting basic methodological techniques to meet exigencies of the research situation while still meeting the requirements for the collection of valid data. (Author/AM)

The construction and interpretation of confidence intervals for the prediction of new cases in multiple regression analysis is explained. An example is provided. (JKS)