The Living Systems Framework was used to generate four categories of parent behaviors that might affect processes responsible for eliciting prosocial behavior in children: (1) teaching values, rules, and standards; (2) providing opportunities for rehearsal and mastery; (3) providing opportunities for self-regulation and self-control; and (4)…

This book explains how to develop the positive outlook that turns "ordinary" competitors into winners whether they are on the playing field or off. With examples from real life, ways are pointed out to focus one's commitment, overcome obstacles to excellence, and achieve greater overall personal and professional satisfaction. Written by a former…

In industrialized countries, a fundamental shift in child bearing practices has resulted in an increase in the proportion of families with one child. Assumptions contributing to negative ideas about the single child include the notions of the deprivation of positive sibling influences and of debilitating, anxiety-ridden parenting by mothers and…

Despite the large and growing numbers of adult women enrolled in college programs in this country today, there have been few attempts to identify and analyze the underlying psychosocial issues which propel women onto campuses as "nontraditional" students or the personal changes they experience as a result. This study examined the relationship…

Two recent conferences on the science of sport have focused on the topic of sports for older people. Investigations have been made on the special demand in motor learning, in table-tennis, family-tennis, gymnastics, and dancing. This paper summarizes some experiences and conclusions drawn from these studies, including special notes on isolated…

This book was written to help students and adults in transition decide whether to prepare for a career in the helping professions. Over 90 different career options are described in various work settings within the counseling and human development field. Fourteen chapters are included, divided into three parts: (1) Getting Started; (2) Work…

In an investigation of the development of mapping as distinct from drawing, 39 middle and lower class Cambridge, Massachusetts children in kindergarten and first- and second-grades were shown a small three-dimensional model town, asked to make a smaller, three-dimensional copy of the model, and then asked to make a map showing each item in the…

While recent research has examined some qualities that are related to marital adjustment, none has examined personal development variables that might be expected to significantly relate to marital adjustment and to gender-role self-concept. A study was conducted to examine relationships among gender-role self-concepts, personal development, and…

The purposes of this paper are to consider how the prototypical research design of day care studies may unjustifiably emphasize day care as the effective factor or "treatment" in children's development, and to describe processes by which the family or some interaction between the family and day care may also affect preschoolers'…

This booklet examines teachers' professional development from the standpoint of several recent reform reports, particularly the concept of the career ladder. A critique of this model serves as a reference point for an alternative approach to professional development called the "Career Lattice Model". This individualized model for growth…

The relationship between selected aspects of personal development and a study abroad experience was investigated. The longitudinal data were collected before studying abroad, after returning from abroad, and 1 year later. The Omnibus Personality Inventory (Form F) was administered to a group of students preparing to study abroad during 1980-1981…

"Child as cultural apprentice" is a developmental psychologist's heuristic metaphor which is embedded in an individual-socioecological frame of reference. A basic theoretic feature of this metaphor is the explicit recognition of the interdependence of the process of child development and the socially provided resources for that…

In order to understand the mechanisms of citizenship in the United States, people are required to study the interactions of ideology, education, and cultural pluralism as they are manifested in educational programs and in the processes of child development. The Citizenship Development Framework (CDF), a product of the Citizenship Development Study…

Presented are: (1) a review of literature which attempts to define the nature of the adolescent crisis among adopted children; and (2) an attempt to develop a theoretical perspective on adopted adolescents which incorporates a biological-social view of the causes of adolescents' problems. The paper attempts to develop an intervention-guiding model…

The manual describes the Autonomous Learner Model for the Gifted and Talented (K-12), an approach to helping students become problem solvers through divergent and convergent thinking. Among basic principles of the model are emphases on self esteem, social skills, student interests, and broad-based content topics. Each of five dimensions of the…