This issue of the California Association for Counseling and Development Journal reflects counseling at the crossroads: changes and challenges as its theme. The following articles are included: (1) "Attitudes toward People with Disabilities as Expressed by Rehabilitation Counseling and Psychology Students" (L. M. Orange, M. G. Brodwin);…

This study followed up on the life-courses of 23 former special education students with emotional and behavioral disabilities from a comprehensive school to further education, work, and adulthood. The students attended special classes for pupils with emotional and behavioral difficulties in a small town in southern Finland in 1985-1987. The…

This paper synthesizes findings from the National Longitudinal Transition Study (NLTS) of Special Education Students concerning differences in the secondary educational and postschool experiences of male and female young people. NLTS provided data on more than 8,000 youths who received special education in secondary schools in the 1985-86 school…

These instructor and student manuals contain the content for a course on getting a job for students of English as a Second Language. The course emphasizes the cultural values and nuances of U.S. culture that students may expect to encounter during the job search and job interviews. Topics covered include exploring cultural assumptions, culture…

A formative evaluation was conducted during the first year of a whole language literacy project at Sir William Osler High School, Ontario, Canada, which serves students who have been diagnosed as functioning below grade level. Interviews were conducted to collect descriptive information from the six Osler staff members involved in the project, the…

A formative evaluation was conducted during the first year of a whole language literacy project at Maplewood High School, Ontario, Canada, which serves students who have been diagnosed as functioning below grade level. Interviews were conducted to collect descriptive information from the five Maplewood staff members involved in the project, the…

This study examines the relative stability and change in ethnic students' (Asian, Black, and Hispanic) social and academic expectations during their first year at the University of Massachusetts. The paper investigates how students' expectations were met by their actual experiences and whether students of different racial or ethnic categories…

This cross-cultural investigation of racism in the lives of black women explores everyday manifestations and perceptions of racism. The daily experiences of individuals are combined with a structured account of racism in an interdisciplinary framework. Empirical data consist of verbal accounts gathered in 1985 and 1986 in non-directive interviews…

A study was done at the University of Guelph (Ontario, Canada) examining the experiences, concerns and interests of college freshmen. Of 65 entering students who agreed to participate, 37 signed up for the study in September, 1988, with 24 women and 4 men completing all study requirements: completion of a daily diary; bimonthly unstructured…

In response to interest from the Higher Education Advisory Council and a mandate from the 1985 Minnesota Legislature, Higher Education Coordinating Board staff conducted a project with three major goals: (1) to assess and report on the uses of information technologies in Minnesota postsecondary education; (2) to initiate collaborative activities…

This study was conducted to analyze the process of learning to teach from the perspective of the student teacher. Issues associated with how student teachers perceive experiences contributing to their learning process form the basis of the analysis. Data referred to come from a larger study conducted over 3 years which explored the perceptions of…

This booklet answers the questions about jobseeking asked most frequently of the New York State Department of Labor. Topics include the following: how to start a job search; WORK Station, a computer program for an extensive job search; where the jobs are; job search methods, by frequency of use; apprenticeship; completing an employment…

Assessment in early childhood special education should go beyond diagnosis of the child in isolation and include evaluation of the child using an ecological perspective. The ecological perspective assesses interactions of the child with significant people in the environment such as parents and teachers. Three aspects of ecological early childhood…

This paper reports on a study of the efficiency of interactive tasks at eliciting targeted morpho-syntactic structures from child speakers of English as a Second Language (ESL). Two groups of subjects between 7 and 10 years of age were examined, one group with various first language backgrounds, and a second which used Spanish as their first…

In this study on schema theory, interviews were conducted with three adults to identify the schema for particular words or phrases (pencil, making a hot drink, talking), which required identifying all those dimensions of meaning involved implicitly and explicitly in how the word/phrase is used. Results revealed that subjects described their ideas…