In order to improve instruction, teachers need to make sense of and evaluate the critical events that have the potential to strengthen the understanding of students' mathematical thinking. Mathematics instruction has shifted toward inquiry teaching which leaves many teachers attempting to change their practices accordingly. While there are…

Teachers across the United States have implemented the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) in math since their release in 2010. These standards were created for all students, both in general education and special education settings; yet, the findings of this study showed one set of standards for every student does not make every student…

Teachers' beliefs are importantly linked to teachers' classroom actions and, ultimately, to student achievement. Although much is known about general education teachers' beliefs about how children learn mathematics and mathematics instruction, there is little known about special education teachers' beliefs. This study then examined special…

Human capital theory suggests that lifetime income and socioeconomic status is a function of investments in human capital (Becker, 1962 & 1994; Becker & Tomes, 1986; Tomes, 1981). More recent developments show that human capital accumulation depends on mental health (Fletcher, 2008), in addition to ability, and access to resources to…

This action research study focused on establishing a professional learning community of secondary special educators to explore authentic meaning-based reading experiences with struggling readers. The term meaning-based reading experience encompasses both holistic reading evaluations in the form of miscue analysis, and more meaning-focused strategy…

A meta-analysis of single-case design research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of mathematics interventions for elementary grade (K-5) students with mathematics difficulties (MD) and mathematics learning disabilities (LD). The study examined whether intervention effectiveness varied as a function of participant characteristics (i.e.,…

The National Center on Education Statistics (2019) reports that of the nearly 7 million students who have qualified for special education services, 34% identify with a specific learning disability (LD). This study aimed to investigate the extent to which a conversational assistant (Amazon Alexa) programed with the self-regulated strategy…

Effective mathematics education for Latinx students with learning disabilities (LD) necessitates teachers who uphold high academic expectations, facilitate access to rigorous math curricula, and champion inclusive and meaningful student participation. This study delves into teachers' perspectives on instructing Latinx students with LD, including…

This paper examines the ethical and legal considerations in providing services to multilingual learners (MLs) before special education evaluations, focusing on the decision-making process within Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS). Legal mandates require districts to ensure MLs have equitable access to the general education curriculum and are…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) transforms the classroom experience by enhancing instruction and helping students build essential skills for the modern world. Teachers use AI tools to personalize learning, adapt lessons in real time, and automate administrative tasks, allowing more time to focus on student engagement. AI supports students in…

Writing proficiency is a global educational challenge, particularly in diverse student populations. This study examined the effectiveness of a multi-component intervention based on the Self-Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) framework, incorporating graphic organizers, storytelling, and positive reinforcement. Peer tutoring was later integrated…

This paper explores how to apply the principles of accommodations and universal design (UD) in research methods involved in quantitative research (e.g. questionnaires). In particular, we focus on how to make research more accessible for individuals with Learning Disabilities (LD), while also providing suggestions for potential participants of…

The study investigated the amount of extended time (ET) used by postsecondary students with learning disabilities, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and psychological disorders granted a 50% ET accommodation (i.e., time and one-half). Extended time used was evaluated by disability type, including comorbid presentations, and year in…

In order to address the problem of the underlying mechanism of mathematics learning disability (MLD), in the current research, we investigated the visual and auditory perceptions of elementary school children with visual and auditory MLD from the first to fourth grade. We found that children with visual mathematics learning disability (VMLD) and…

Significant disparities in civics achievement between students with disabilities and their peers constitute an urgent need to support and improve civics education and outcomes for students receiving special education services related to emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) and learning disabilities (LD). In the documented instances when social…