Early researchers suggested that virtual humans (animated pedagogical agents) required a persona if they were to be anthropomorphized by the user. Over the past two decades, research has focused on design features that target the perception of persona in order to increase the anthropomorphization of the agent toward the end of increased learning…

Virtual Instructor-Led Training combines the structure, accountability, and social learning benefits of classroom training with speed, agility, and significant cost savings. With VILTs, you can train more people in less time while realizing a much higher return on training investments than physical classroom training. It also has a significantly…

This toolkit helps design teams engage in this process of implementing the "Design for Equity in Higher Education" model. For each phase of the model, this toolkit provides a short description and offers some questions and suggestions to guide practice. [For the companion report, "Design for Equity in Higher Education," see…

These annexes accompany "Arts-Based Approaches to Public Engagement with Research: Lessons from a Rapid Review." The findings of the study are based on a literature review that followed the principles of a rapid evidence assessment, complemented by interviews with six experts in the field of arts-based public engagement. Key findings…

Students in Scotland (United Kingdom) engage in learning through Curriculum for Excellence (CfE), which aims to provide them with a holistic, coherent, and future-oriented approach to learning between the ages of 3 and 18. CfE offers an inspiring and widely supported philosophy of education. Schools design their own curriculum based on a common…

A variety of measures have been developed to quantify intervention effects for single-case experimental design studies. Within the family of non-overlap indices, the Tau-U measure is one of the most popular indices. There are several Tau-U variants, each one calculated differently. The appropriateness of each Tau-U variant depends upon the data…

Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) has been recommended as a meta-analytic technique for the quantitative synthesis of single-case experimental design (SCED) studies. The HLM approach is flexible and can model a variety of different SCED data complexities, such as intervention heterogeneity. A major advantage of using HLM is that participant…

This study investigated the power of two-level hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to explain variability in intervention effectiveness between participants in context of single-case experimental design (SCED) research. HLM is a flexible technique that allows the inclusion of participant characteristics (e.g., age, gender, and disability types) as…

Psycholinguistics is the research of language in the mind: The architecture of storing the different components of language in our memory, and the ways we access that knowledge when processing and producing language. Psycholinguists usually conduct quantitative experimental research in which certain standards of experimental design, data…

The empirical research on dialogue-based pedagogies shows that they improve student outcomes and, thus, teachers should make more use of these methods. However, deeper analyses about whether certain modes of dialogue are better than others is under-researched, resulting in little information about which models best help teachers develop effective…

Human beings by nature have a predisposition towards learning and the exploration of the natural world. We are intrinsically intellectual and social beings knitted with adaptive cognitive architectures. As Foot (2014) succinctly sums it up: "humans act collectively, learn by doing, and communicate in and via their actions" and they…

The goal of this research was to design, develop, and evaluate VRI (Virtual Reality Instructional) and ARI (Augmented Reality Instructional) modules to supplement traditional education and training. The objectives of this research were to (1) design and develop the VRI modules for use in immersive and non-immersive environments; (2) evaluate those…

In the instructional design field untrained instructional designers are creating educational content. In these instances, the content is created by subject matter experts. This growing subset of experts is known as instructional designers-by-assignment (DBAs). DBAs are prevalent in the equestrian education field. Unfortunately, in equestrian…

In the current study, we conducted a brief assessment within a multielement design to identify motivating operations (MOs) that increased or decreased the value of negative reinforcement for children with a history of challenging behavior when presented with tasks or demands. For three of the four participants, we identified specific MOs that…

This article describes the educational, operational, and practical implementation of an upper-division undergraduate studio-style course centered on the subject of game production. Specifically, the article addresses the course organization and processes, the institutional context for the course (i.e., its situated role in the larger curriculum),…