Four experiments used a common set of procedures to investigate the occurrence and the generalization of learned helplessness and latent inhibition in 10- to 11-year-old children. (MP)

Reviews children's books that oppose violence, affirm similarities and differences among individuals, value cultural variety, and focus on solving problems peaceably. Indicates stories of a peaceful, soothing nature. (RH)

Provides an introduction to a special section on developmental behavioral genetics (the study of genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in behavioral development), discussing the potentialities of the interdiscipline and presenting an overview of the following articles. (Author/RH)

Discusses implications of a study of middle-class infants seen in the Ainsworth strange situation at 12.5 and 19.5 months; the investigation produced results inconsistent with the corpus of previous findings. (Author/RH)

The gross-motor activity of 27 three- and four- year-olds was assessed through teacher ratings, parent responses to the activity scale of the Colorado Childhood Temperament Inventory, and data from uncalibrated actometers worn by children during free play. Activity scores composited across multiple actometers had high reliability and correlated…

Both between- and within-group differences in children ages nine to eleven identified as having reflective or impulsive cognitive tempos. Cognitive tempo was first assessed using Kagan's Matching Familiar Figures test, and children were later tested on the Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices. (Author/RH)

Investigates the role of sociopathic tendencies in reactions to inequitable exchanges in 273 males and females classified as high or low in sociopathy. Subjects read narratives of inequitable exchanges and assumed the role of the exploiter and the role of the victim in each. (Author/RH)

The author asserts that there can be no single curriculum for all gifted students because any curriculum must be modified for particular needs. The proliferation of commercial curricula and identification processes which do not stress differences among gifted students are two reasons for the myth of a single curriculum. (CL)

To explore the role of cross-modal perception in comprehending synesthetic metaphors, subjects read 15 metaphors relating visual and auditory qualities and set the loudness of a tone and the brightness of a light to the levels suggested by each metaphor. A pervasive cross-modal equivalence between loudness and brightness in the subjects' responses…

Definitions of introversion and various suggested school practices are provided in the hope that these valuable members of society can "become what they are capable of becoming." Well-meaning teachers and parents try to mold these youths into socially outgoing individuals without understanding their deep-seated feelings and motivations.…

The author examines critical features of a life span developmental orientation. From results of research demonstrating that the intellectual functioning of older adults can be modified and improved, she presents implications for adult education. (SK)

Determined whether a difference exists in the assertive behavior levels of disabled and nondisabled individuals. Studied differences between demographic factors of disabled persons that are related to levels of assertiveness. Results indicated differences existing between demographic variables, assertive expression of persons with disabilities,…

Considers how teacher education programs can prepare their students with the variety of teaching skills they will need to meet diverse learner needs. (SJL)

In order to reduce the negative effects on performance of low self-esteem subjects' (SEs) self-focused attention, an attempt was made to change the nature of the low SEs' self-focusing, rather than reduce their self-focusing, by providing them with success feedback from a previous task. Subjects were 60 female and 30 male undergraduate students.…