The purpose of this article is to focus attention on the need to teach language students not only what to say, but how to say it and when. A theoretical discussion provides linguistic background and analysis of data and a sample lesson to illustrate how sociolinguistic theory can be applied to the development of teaching materials. (Author/NCR)

A description of a method of designing pattern drills for use in the laboratory which will not only keep students alert but will also provide meaningful contexts. The use of drill-oriented drawings and multiple operation exercises is analyzed. (AMH)

A discussion of a semantic approach to teaching these particles. The meaning of -zhe can be best characterized as "incompleteness.' Another characteristic of -zhe in a simple sentence is to change an action verb into a stative one. -Ne in conjunction with -zhe mitigates the incompleteness represented by -zhe. (Author/AMH)

Learning a foreign language by the cultural immersion technique, used by the Scandinavian Seminar, an international experiential education organization, is described, based on American college students' experiences studying in Scandinavia. Also explored is the learning concept of experiential education. (JMD)

The absence of a uniform system of education in the United States is accompanied by freedom in testing. Two types of testing procedures are described: the multi-level standardized tests produced by the Educational Testing Service and experimental use of the cloze procedure. (Text is in French.) (AMH)

This installment of "A Comme..." presents the following: use of the felt board for group games and reinforcement activities; a proposal for a sociocultural approach to classified ads and a sample lesson plan; and a discussion of the use of authentic documents for teaching future tense. (Text is in French.) (AMH)

The Center for Urban Educational Studies is engaged in various primary school language projects, notably Second Language in the Primary School Project (SLIPP) and Reading Through Understanding (RTU). Discusses how these have affected language instruction in the multi-ethnic classroom. (Author/RK)

Hypotheses concerning second language learning and foreign language learning in general are described, and the role of listening comprehension in the development of language skills is discussed. (CLK)

This article discusses comprehension problems encountered by students of French as a second language as a result of the mismatch between the standard language they learn in classrooms and the language used by native speakers. (CLK)

Considers three criticisms of role-play: (1) it does not agree with the learning goals of communication-oriented foreign language teaching; (2) its content does not correspond to the needs of the participants; (3) it ties the student to reproductive exercises, leaving no room for creativity. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

Describes dialogues and songs used to teach listening comprehension. (SW)

Use of classroom improvisations and role-playing can help the second language learner speak quickly, naturally, and spontaneously. The technique is discussed and illustrated. (CHK)

The article discusses programmed instruction in reading a foreign language to provide students in a specialized discipline with tools they need to understand specialized texts. Recent studies indicate the validity of teaching for reading comprehension only. Two examples of programs in scientific Dutch are attached. (Text is in French.) (AMH)

This article outlines the second language teaching method based on "capitalizable units" as proposed by Trim. The method is aimed at adult students and is based on: (1) student needs, and (2) the language functions that permit the student to operate effectively in a given speech community. (Text is in French.) (CLK)

The Guichard technique is a response to the need for lively, sustained conversation in the language class. Referring to simple blackboard drawings by the non-artist teacher, students create people and situations involving an imaginary French family. (Author/SW)