The purposes of this article are to assess the present status of planning-programming-budgeting systems in education and to offer operational illustrations to those who wish to install certain aspects of PPBS in their school districts. (Author)

Applying Planning Programming Budgeting Systems (PPBS) to education, particularly to school media programs, is not essentially different from PPBS in the Pentagon. (Author)

The program budget is seen as usually measuring the cost of resources used in a program, but it is suggested that it should be extended to measure and evaluate program quality. Types of budgets, building a budget, politics of budgeting, and budgeting for quality are discussed. (Author/MLW)

The effectiveness of using a computer to identify problems, allocate resources, and plan expansion in recreational programs is discussed. (JD)

The Idaho Rural Education Task Force was formed in July 2007 with the goal of proposing and examining solutions to challenges facing rural schools. The task force's work this year has focused on three areas: recruitment and retention of highly qualified teachers, funding shortages related to insurance costs and staff allowances, and the technology…

A school budget is a planning document that links financial decisions to educational policy. This booklet is a brief overview of how such budgets are derived in California. It is intended for new administrators, school board members, and interested teachers, parents, and community members who wish to learn about school budgeting and become more…

This case study manual, designed for undergraduate or graduate students studying the area of parks and recreation fiscal management, considers the practical, critical skills of budgeting techniques. The manual deals with the most common budgeting styles in a step-by-step approach with case study exercises. Each chapter includes an introduction to…

This manual is divided into three modules designed for use in a self-teaching situation. The first module presents a philosophical discussion of financing community education. The traditional model, requiring subordination of community education goals to the goals of the funding agency, is contrasted with an alternative model that establishes…

Long-range planning involves the identification of priority programs and services and the detailing of the necessary resources (staff, equipment, facilities and materials) required to implement these programs and services. This report discusses what is involved in this process and provides a fundamental understanding of the following three basic…

Although some serious limitations in the cost analysis technique do exist, the need for cost data in decision making is so great that every effort should be made to obtain accurate estimates. This paper discusses the several issues which arise when an attempt is made to make quality, trade-off, or scope decisions based on cost data. Three methods…

This annotated bibliography is composed of 70 citations relevant for Program, Planning, Budgeting Systems (PPBS) and ranging in date from 1962 to 1969 but emphasizing the 1965 to 1968 period. Listings are arranged alphabetically according to author under the general divisions: Overview of PPBS, Systems and Administrative Theory, The Planning…

In planning for higher education, budgets should be developed that reflect not merely the status quo but rather provide a realistic picture of what occurs relative to what should occur in current programs. This requires setting up an informational framework to provide a mechanism for generating and evaluating alternate ways to achieve…

In outline form, this document presents basic information on the school district, the reasons the district considered zero-base budgeting (ZBB), the formation and membership of the advisory School Cost Analysis Team, the district's investigation of the ZBB concept, an overview of the ways the district used the ZBB process, the identification of…

After discussing and analyzing three available alternative budgeting approaches, including incremental, program budgeting, and zero-based budgeting, this article suggests the criteria necessary for a newly adapted system and contends that a program budgeting system would serve most effectively. (DS)