The article discusses general and specific attitudes toward voluntary action; personality traits; personal capacities; and social, structural, and contextual factors as they act as motivating influences for participation in voluntary action. (AG)

Interviews 17 adults who experienced a life-threatening situation to ascertain what they had learned about life from their confrontation with death. Interview questions focused on participants' philosophies of life, their personal regrets and priorities, and advice to others. Among the most common themes, participants advocated less materialism,…

The economic and employment outlook for individuals without a high school diploma is bleak. For many of these individuals, passing the General Educational Development (GED) Test is the first step in competing in the increasingly demanding job market. GED test-taking policies vary across test centers and jurisdictions, and have the potential to…

Eye-tracking technology was employed to examine young and older adults' performance in the reading with distraction paradigm. Distracters of 1, 2, and 4 words that formed meaningful phrases were used. There were marked age differences in fixation patterns. Young adults' fixations to the distracters and targets increased with distracter length.…

Differences between old-timers and newcomers and their effects on community social dimensions have been the object of much research. These studies have shown how extensive in-migration of people with different socioeconomic backgrounds, values, and perspectives contribute to heightened social conflict in some communities. Popular media accounts…

Previous research has largely overlooked discipline specific admission criteria at the undergraduate level and its relationship to student success. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine if college of business admission criteria and other variables predicted undergraduate college of business student graduation. The specific variables…

Included in this report on the International Congress of Historical Sciences is a condensed and revised translation of "History and Society," a paper presented at the Congress by representatives from the Soviet Union. (JC)

The role of the computer conference moderator and suggestions for effective conference moderation are presented in this paper, which covers the following points: (1) opening statement; (2) agenda and topics to be discussed; (3) invitations to participants; (4) conference duration; (5) hands-on training for participants; (6) selection of…

Anthropometric measurements (body composition and somatotype characteristics) for male and female Nordic skiers showed small values for measures of variance, suggesting that the subjects represented a select body type for the sport. (Author/MJB)

Similar systematic relationships exist between personal characteristics, training, and performance on the marathon, regardless of whether they derive from differences among individuals participating in the same run or from differences within the same person in two separate marathons. (Author)

The validity of a theoretically based typology of variables associated with dropping out was empirically tested through factor analysis of variables selected from previous dropout research. The dropout typology could be a valuable aid in guiding future research as well as alerting adult education practitioners to a range of factors that have…

Study of Mothers Against Drunk Drivers (MADD) analyzed the chapter emphasis, levels of satisfaction and relationship to national office on several measures. Surveying 212 chapters, MADD leadership provided profile of independent, autonomous activists in the drunk driving countermeasure movement. (Author)

Older adults in highrise buildings were recruited for memory training using positive, neutral, or negative content approaches which were presented orally, on posters, or in flyers. More volunteers responded to oral presentations with neutral or positive content; poster respondents were more likely to complete training. Negative content tended to…

Used semi-structured interviews and participant observation to study the characteristics of 20 Asian and Hawaiian folk healers in Honolulu who are over age 50 and their clients. Presents implications related to health-seeking behavior, health education, and network referrals and support. (JAC)

The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) asks respondents aged 12 or older questions related to their use of inhalants during their lifetime and in the past year. This report focuses on youths aged 12 to 17 who initiated the use of inhalants in the 12 months prior to the survey. All findings presented in this report are annual averages…