Public uses of tests and testing include all those materials and practices in observation of human behavior that are intended to help administrators, school boards, legislatures, taxpayers, and others to evaluate their educational systems. Pedagogical uses of tests, on the other hand, cover all those materials and practices in observation of human…

This paper outlines some of the issues and identifies information and resources available in the field of performance-based teacher education (PBTE). Issues include (a) performance or product--concerning the chain of accountability from teacher trainers to teacher trainee, resting on the characteristic of demonstrated performance (with the teacher…

The purpose of this practicum was to develop a handbook that will be useful to principals in preparing their annual reports to their communities. The guideline for such a report was developed and disseminated to secondary principals. All 37 secondary schools' reports for the 1973-74 school year reflected the use of this guideline in preparing…

Learner centered reform is what the major shift in emphasis in the 1972 education amendments concerned. Through the adoption of the Basic Grant Program and a program of institutional aid following the student, the federal government has said that it will no longer put the emphasis on the dispensers of education. This has been strengthened by the…

Evaluation for accountability has become a significant part of federal funding guidelines. However, local project resources and needs, and, more recently, federal insight, suggests that the evaluation functions are most successfully carried out with the cooperation and active involvement of the local project staff. Under a contract to the District…

Freedom and accountability are not antithetical; they are equal elements and complementary principles in the educational equation to protect the productive pluralism of the student, the teacher, the administrator, and the institution. Pluralism is a critical value to be preserved and promoted through public policy decisions which emphasize freedom…

This paper offers a look into the future of educational program auditing and presents a detailed discussion of the notion of a districtwide educational audit. To date, virtually all program audit activities have occurred as a result of specially funded State or federal education programs. Once the program ends, or changes its requirements, the…

The objectives of this book are: (1) to present a theoretical framework for management by objectives in community colleges, (2) to present information about alternative methods for conducting needs assessment and implementing management by objectives, (3) to present a framework for integrating academic and fiscal planning through management by…

The meeting was organized around 10 symposia concerning the following areas: teacher evaluation through measurement of student achievement, statewide evaluation, district evaluation procedures, individualized evaluation standards, learning improvement, competency based curriculum, administrative evaluation, student evaluation of the system, and…

This report was written in response to requests from the Office of Long Range Planning (OLRP) of the New York State Education Department (SED). The work covers two different areas: the continuation of program analyses and the continuation of program designs addressing problems of educational accountability. As a result of SED resource allocation…

Some States (notably New York, Pennsylvania, and Oregon) collect information which provides evidence or indicators that their school programs are doing what they are intended to do. For example, finding out how many college preparatory students are still in college and how many vocational students are gainfully employed in the vocation for which…

The two objectives of this accountability project carried out in St. Elizabeth School District, Mo., were: (a) to increase the average student achievement by at least 5 percent at each level K-12 in the four basic areas of language arts, mathematics, social studies, and science during the 1972-73 school term as measured by scores on the Stanford…

This paper reports briefly on some recent efforts to find a process for delineating people's needs as a basis for establishing criteria in designing and evaluating educational services. The paper is designed to help educational decisionmakers learn how to get useful information about needs. The authors have tentatively identified a class of…

This report describes a systems approach toward an accountability program for a high school guidance department, the primary objective of which was to reduce the size of the "guidance universe" to manageable size, and to be responsible i.e., accountable. A commitment was developed to move toward a model of accountability, based not only upon what…

In recognition of the need for guidance services to be accountable for their portion of the educational process, this guide was designed for the development of a competency-based, outcome-stated plan by each school district in Texas. The guide covers the five phases of the planning process and the counselor competencies required. The format is…