Implications for group composition are discussed in this article, in which the outcome literature on mixed-sex versus same-sex groups is reviewed. (Author)

Data from the 1984 Union Image Survey confirm the hypothesis that workers' interest in the types of consumer benefits offered by associate membership programs was strongly related to their interest in joining such programs but not in their readiness to vote for a union. General attitudes toward unions significantly affected both choices. (Author)

Details the reasons behind adolescents' attraction to cults. and distinguishes functions of cults and the term "cult." Identifies various cults, and describes the process of involvement. Notes that in the absence of authentic, stabilizing standards, some youth are especially vulnerable. Provides recommendations for adults working with…

Explores developmental and intervention evidence relevant to iatrogenic effects in peer-group interventions. Findings from two intervention studies involving 119 high-risk youth and 39 controls and 150 pairs of adolescent boys suggest that high-risk youth are particularly vulnerable to peer aggregations when compared to low-risk youth. Discusses…

Presents a method for handling educational data in which students belong to more than one unit at a given level, but there is missing information on the identification of the units to which students belong. The method, which involves setting up a cross-classified model, is illustrated with longitudinal data on students' progress in English. (SLD)

A LISREL model is used to show that there is no specific group factor between tasks related to theory of mind (TOM) whose covariance is totally explained by a general intelligence factor. Results with 102 children aged 3 to 6 years show that if there is an innate base for TOM, it is online before age 3. (SLD)

Develops a social psychological model of politicized collective identity that revolves around three conceptual themes (collective identity, the struggle for power, and the wider societal context of that power struggle). Discusses how collective identity has been politicized, showing that politicized collective identity has important consequences…

Examined hypothesis that even before children have identified themselves as members of national groups, they will have been exposed to considerable positive information about their own national group, which will encourage group-serving judgments. Found that significant preferences emerged for the in-group on two of three measures. Findings suggest…

Used Monte Carlo methods to evaluate the adequacy of cluster analysis to recover group membership based on simulated latent growth curve (LCG) models. Cluster analysis failed to recover growth subtypes adequately when the difference between growth curves was shape only. Discusses circumstances under which it was more successful. (SLD)

Based on the notion of mutual aid, a conceptual framework for understanding how membership in a group benefits survivors of trauma is presented. Incorporating current research and theory, this article discusses distinguishing features of these groups, as well as professional challenges social workers are likely to face in facilitating them.

After years of tense relations between teachers' unions and the growing charter school movement, unions are stepping up their efforts to organize educators at the independent public schools. So far, the results of the increased organizing activity-which stretches from Massachusetts and Pennsylvania to California appear modest. But it remains to be…

This study investigated differences in personality patterns between person-oriented and technique-oriented physicians. It tested an integrative framework by converting the scores on the Personality Research Form (PRF) to the Big-Five factors and built a predictive model of group membership in clinical specialty area. PRF scores from 238 physicians…

Article proposes a model that describes a process of acquiring and retaining new members in an established group or organization. The model also provides a means of analyzing the processes and "tools" employed to attract and inform nonmembers. Analysis of processes and tools can be used to optimize their effectiveness for the purposes of acquiring…