The Indian Education -- Formula Grants to Local Education Agencies (Indian Education Formula Grant) program is authorized under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA), as amended by the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA). It is the Department's principal vehicle for addressing the particular needs of Indian children. The program…

Visitors to the Yakama Indian Reservation in south-central Washington State can't help but notice Mount Adams. Known as Patu, or snowtopped mountain, and Xwayama, or golden eagle, in the Sahaptin language of the Columbia Plateau, the 12,276-foot peak stretches more than a mile above the forested ridges of the Cascade Range. Images of the mountain…

More than half of the Native American population has migrated to cities during the last 30 years resulting in a higher percentage of American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) youth growing up in urban areas than those of their parents' generation. The survival of the American Indian is no less a miracle when combining staggering statistics of poor…

American Indian higher education in the United States has evolved within paternalistic, hierarchical decision-making policies and practices based on complex sociopolitical and cultural factors since the 1600s. Indigenous peoples had historically been excluded from most decisions affecting their lives until the 20th century when a deliberate Indian…

Swami Vivekananda was an influential Indian saint, poet, philosopher and political revolutionary. His work can be seen as a conduit for South African Hindus who are part of the Indian diaspora, allowing them to connect with their historical, cultural and spiritual roots in the religious and conceptual world of India. The first step to decolonising…

Due to the influence of digital media, today's educators encounter unique challenges--and possibilities--surrounding efforts to advance civic dialogue and critical literacy. This case study, which focuses on two projects with rural Indigenous communities, describes student-led research and filmmaking as teaching pedagogy and research methodology…

This article explores the impact of the so-called 'blanket exercise', an interactive learning activity that engages individuals in rediscovering Canadian history and society through an Indigenous lens, in collaboration with First Nations, Métis and Inuit elders and community members. This exploratory and qualitative research discusses how the…

The introduction of smartphones has revolutionized how late adolescents (aged 18-21 years) access and use the internet. Vast troves of health information are today just a tap or swipe away, with smartphones and internet connectivity becoming increasingly accessible. The need for eHealth literacy among late adolescents is now gaining importance as…

Some institutions have incorporated Indigenous Student Affairs (ISA) programs as an approach to retaining Indigenous college students--but how well do we understand and support ISA work? We interviewed six ISA directors at PWIs across the United States about their roles and experiences on campus and focus on a theme of how the directors' work is…

Mixed languages like Media Lengua incorporate grammar from one source language (here, Quichua) but lexicon from another (here, Spanish). Due to their linguistic profile, they provide a unique window into bilingual language usage and language representation. Drawing on sociolinguistic, structural and psycholinguistic perspectives, the current…

We investigated connections between the natural and the cultural history of the Flathead Indian Reservation through the integration of geoscience, traditional tribal knowledge, and oral narratives for the purpose of improving Earth Science education in the tribal community. The project served as an avenue for the incorporation of indigenous…

This phenomenological study examined the complexity American Indian K-12 school leaders face on reservations in Montana, USA The study described how these leaders have to reconcile their Westernized educational leadership training with their traditional ways of knowing, living, and leading. Three major themes emerged that enabled these leaders to…

Accreditation is a complex process. It is especially cumbersome for tribal colleges and universities (TCUs) as a direct result of their cultures of origin and organizational cultures. This study examined Oglala Lakota College's (OLC) constituencies' perceptions toward the importance of accreditation and the impact of accreditation has changed…

Extensive research has examined the validity and fairness of standardized tests in academic admissions. However, due to their underrepresentation in higher education, American Indians have gained much less attention in this research. In the present study, we examined for American Indian students (1) group differences on SAT scores, (2) the…

Knowledge deemed worthy of classification as "truth" is not produced only in classic positivist research, or research recognised by the official state accreditation system, it is also produced by research--action, research + development, experimentation and systematisation. One of the most basic aspects of academic work is…