Child caregivers are in a particularly strong position to be child advocates, as they have the most current and effective information about child development. Advocacy is a fundamental responsibility of NAEYC, which is exploring ways to increase its advocacy activities. Effective advocacy requires a variety of individuals with an extensive range…

Investigated relationship between anger and anger imagery and between anger and positive action. College students (n=46) completed social action questionnaire, drawing representing anger, and Spielberger's State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory. Found significant positive correlation between intensity of anger imagery and State Anger, and…

Action science focuses on unexamined beliefs that drive action, evaluating behavior for consistency and validity against beliefs and meaning systems. One goal is to move from single-loop to double-loop learning. Critical issues include its seemingly therapeutic nature, the problem of free and informed choice, and facilitator competence. (SK)

In the first phase of nation-state development, adult education serves in the creation of nationalism and consensus. As the nation enters the world stage, adult education enforces national and cultural identity and meets professionalizing needs. As consensus loosens and pluralism emerges, adult education may become a symbol of conflict between…

Includes four articles originally published in the 1890s. Highlights include a discussion of freedom of speech, political opinions, and the role of the public library in social reform; the establishment of a congressional or national library; censorship in libraries; and a criticism of a librarian by his assistant. (LRW)

Presents a speech by Malcolm X delivered at Harvard College in March 1964. Malcolm X gives his views of the future of black community politics and presents his notion that the black vote is central to American politics. (GLR)

Defines systematization as the process of creating critical knowledge (conscientization), a form of transformative research. Explains how systematization contributes to popular education and presents the form components of the process: identifying limits of research, obtaining data, interpretation, and socialization. (SK)

Examines the theory of William Gamson's "Strategy of Social Protest." Reviews criticism of the work and Gamson's response. Reports the results of a study variously analyzing data according to concerns of Gamson's critics. Suggests that displacement and group factionalism are the major predictors of protest group success. (DK)

Traditional professionalism and reflective practice are inadequate and less than empowering models of teaching expertise. Teacher expertise will be more open and foster democratic relations in education if professionalism takes seriously social antagonism and social difference. (SK)

Integrating cultural pluralism into the classroom requires a learner-centered approach that adopts four levels: contributions, additive, transformative, and social action. Teachers should understand their own perceptions, offer positive perspectives, prepare sufficiently, set rules of respect, and begin with nonthreatening issues. (SK)

Reflects on some persistent models of outdoor adventure that limit the ability to truly address social justice issues. These taken-for-granted assumptions include the valuing of individuality, physical risk, and physical prowess; emphasis on the wilderness experience, despite its high cost; and focus on valuing diversity without deeply examining a…

Traces the history of the Harry Lasker Library at the Highlander Research and Education Center near Knoxville, Tennessee, from the first book donations in 1933 to its revitalization in the mid-1990s. Discusses the role of the library as a resource center supporting nonformal education for social activism and the contributions of librarians Hilda…

Examines three traditional organizational theories on social action movement and applies Aldon Morris's analytical framework for understanding collective social action to the emergence of the modern U.S. gay civil rights movement. Concludes that social workers should gain access to and support indigenous social structures to assist oppressed…

Defines "identity deployment" as a form of strategic collective action and asks under what political conditions are identities that celebrate or suppress differences deployed. Compares strategies used by lesbian and gay rights campaigns; shows that interaction among social movement organizations, state actors, and opposition movements…

Presents an interview with Allen E. Ivey in which he discusses the influences on his life and comments on his contributions to the counseling profession in the areas of microcounseling, developmental counseling and therapy, and multicultural counseling. Ivey also explores spirituality, social activism, and professional activities. (Author/GCP)