Reviews the causes of reduction in force and notes the varying interests of affected parties. Suggests four ways to gain control over situations requiring reductions: understand the facts, formulate a fair and understandable plan, adopt methods reducing the impact of reductions, and make use of regional accrediting agencies. (PGD)

The American Federation of Teachers' basic concept of testing includes the idea that public education remains accountable to the public for its actions and that standardized tests are one measure of educational performance. (Author/CM)

Advocates the need for a systematic approach to evaluating services for those practicing private rehabilitation. Uses examples of services commonly performed in the private sector. Discusses summative and formative evaluation strategies. (Author/RC)

Ways to monitor staff development programs include: (1) counting the number of participants; (2) obtaining participant reactions to programs; and (3) tracking participants by needs, objectives, and inservice topics. A needs assessment model of staff development focuses on information utilization, program impact, and evaluation approaches. (JN)

An audit of medical records at San Francisco General Hospital was undertaken to assess compliance with the procedural policies in the hyperalimentation (TPN) protocol of the Department of Surgery of the University of California, San Francisco, and to evaluate the appropriateness of TPN therapy. (MLW)

To improve the state of school psychology and its outlook for the future, two elements are necessary: people and material. Based on survey results, a format for futuristic thinking about psychology is offered as a more proactive way of influencing the school psychologist's environment. (GK)

Examines factors affecting the organization and expansion of higher education systems in advanced Third World countries. University accountability and autonomy, educational planning, the choice and implementation of curricular specialities, and the adaptation of new institutional models to meet the needs of developing nations are discussed. (AM)

Costs and benefits of New York's Truth-in-Testing law are reviewed and related to constitutional issues and fairness to test-makers as well as test-takers. Besides matters of cost and test question availability, challenges to the legislation also involve issues of due process, equal protection, and infringement of existing copyright laws. (MSE)

This analysis of the trend toward community schooling in England, in terms of both community schools and community control, makes observations on levels of community involvement and reports tentative findings from a survey of six local education authorities. (SJL)

Provides a detailed introduction to the variety of purposes for which evaluation research may be used and to the range of methods currently employed in the practice of that field. Uses specific examples, where appropriate, to provide concrete illustrations of both the goals of evaluation researchers and the methods used. (Author)

A model is presented to demonstrate that systematic evaluation by design or planned, purposeful evaluation of recreational programs is possible. The evaluation model concepts of control group, randomization, and pretest and posttest are explained. (JN)

Discusses the types of communicated information used by counselors and suggests some improvements in self-evaluation based on the research results. Discusses the use of behavioral, verbal, cognitive, and written communication suggesting they are used differentially to assess input or treatment of outcome. (Author)

The growing sense of professionalism within the financial aid community has led to the development of professional associations gathering periodically to talk about standards and procedures. Ethics related to the management of financial aid are discussed. (MLW)

Today's specialized accrediting threatens to strangle general and liberal education, to dissipate public confidence in voluntary accreditation, and to increase the danger of governmental intrusion. The need for adoption of voluntary national guidelines on admissions and recruitment practices is advocated. (Author/MLW)

Health education at the college level has developed a variety of new curriculum approaches which emphasize behavior change. With the assumption that life-style contributes most to student health, a health course divided into four parts--diagnosis, prescription, action, and accountability--was developed. An attitude survey acted as an evaluation…