The need to attend to both methodological and social concerns is demonstrated in two examples: one where the unchecked effects of the social consequences of a methodologically rigorous research design invalidated the evaluation and a second where explicit trade-offs between methodological rigor and social costs enabled the evaluation to proceed.…

Examined predictors of service usage in a study of 5,700 nonmetropolitan elderly. Results revealed only slightly higher service utilization for urban versus rural residents. Marital status, income, and age were related to service use for both groups. Among the rural aged, lack of transportation was related to service usage. (Author/JAC)

Reviews research on ethnic similarity in the counseling process. Results lend credibility to the theory of social influence, although research on counselor bias and counseling outcome appear evenly divided on the influence of ethnic similarity. While Blacks generally preferred Black counselors, research with other ethnic groups is needed. (JAC)

A successful program must be able to offer participants the jobs which they consider superior to their presently available alternatives. (Editor)

Examined relationships between employment and crime in 61 male misdemeanants. For many, low-level employment and crime were not mutually exclusive, although most respondents were not employed at the time of the arrest that led to their current incarceration. Combinations of employment and crime were more complex than anticipated. (JAC)

Discusses a study to determine (1) the change in the number of participants in adult education in Finland and the change in educational content, (2) the participants' background, (3) the geographical density and concentration of participation, and (4) obstacles to participation. (JOW)

Compared a hypnotic induction procedure based on social learning principles (skill induction) with a traditional eye-fixation/relaxation trance induction, a placebo, and a control. Results suggested that hypnotic responses are elicited by expectancy and that induction procedures are a means of increasing subjects' expectancies for hypnotic…

Followed-up 60 participants in a behavioral weight-loss program 4.5 years posttreatment. An inexpensive follow-up class was associated with the recruitment of the majority of participants. The most successful weight-loss maintainers reported adhering to behavioral procedures and being more physically active. (Author/JAC)

Examined the graduate school origins of authors of Journal of Counseling Psychology (JCP) articles for Volumes 15-28. Whereas some universities retained similar ranks, Chicago, Harvard, and University of California, Berkeley have declined in importance as sources of authors. Arizona State, Indiana, Maryland, Oregon, Purdue, Southern Illinois,…

Investigated the self-perceived educational needs and activities of Black (N=51) and White elderly (N=59) respondents. Interviews and a general educational needs checklist revealed significant race, sex, SES, and educational level differences in general educational needs, suggesting that the cultural orientation of older Blacks may have an effect.…

Contradictory evidence about women and the prestige and desirability of selected high-status professions is examined. Concludes that when alternative methodological issues are considered, the question of whether or not an increasing female participation rate in high-status professions erodes the prestige and desirability of those professions is…

Examined the effect of high therapist disclosure on the willingness to disclose of high and low need for approval subjects (N=68), who listened to a recorded client-therapist interview. Results confirmed that subjects with a high need for approval expressed more willingness to disclose in the clear expectation condition. (Author/JAC)